MANY USERS, MANY USES
I. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на функцию неличных форм глагола:
а) инфинитива (см. образец выполнения 1)
1. Computers provide many opportunities for us to improve the quality of both our private and professional lives.
2. Input and output devices are known to be called peripherals.
3. We shall make the experiment with the equipment to be taken from another lab.
4. Although the quality is not the same, many programmers have assumed it to be so.
5. This program runs too slow to do the simulation.
б) причастия (см. образец выполнения 2)
1. Having finished the research the scientists made the analysis of the data obtained.
2. Data having been entered correctly into the computer component of a data processing system, the need for further manipulation by humans is eliminated.
3. You may not be looking for a new job, but you are open to thinking about a change.
в) герундия (см. образец выполнения 3)
1. A lot of time and money is saved by testing a car design before making the product.
2. Advertising on the web is becoming fashionable.
3. CAD programs are widely used in engineering.
4. On April 16th a jury began hearing arguments in a trial to determine whether Google’s Android operating system infringes copyrights and patents owned by Oracle.
II. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие сложные предложения. Обратите внимание на перевод условных предложений (см. образец выполнения 4).
1. If you upgrade your PC, you’ll be able to run multimedia applications.
2. If we installed a fax machine and e-mail facility, we would not post so many letters each day.
3. Had I heard any news, I would have told you immediately.
III. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на различные значения слов that, one, it (см. образец выполнения 5).
1. There exist some problems, but all of them are soluble ones.
2. Mr Jobs’s critics complained that the products and systems he designed were closed and inflexible, in the name of greater ease of use.
3. It’s advisable not to open e-mails from strangers.
IV. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на функции глаголов to be, to have, to do (см. образец выполнения 6).
1. Often only the new models are given detailed descriptions.
2. If you work in an office with a large number of computers, don’t sit too close to the sides or backs of the monitors.
3. Two decades ago only spies and systems administrators had to worry about passwords.
V. Прочитайте и устно переведите весь текст.
MANY USERS, MANY USES
Home Working: The Lonely Reality
Working at home rather than in an office has received considerable attention from people in business, with some reports suggesting that places where people work together will soon be a thing of the past. However, a recent survey carried out by an international property consultant, Larry Newson, finds that only eight per cent of office staff actually work from home more than one day a week. The percentage has increased little over the last few years, and only 17% of all office workers said they would want to work from home regularly.
Separate findings, from an insurance company, stress one of the main areas of concern. Paul Orchard, the firm's senior partner, says, 'People enjoy meeting other people at work, and working at home is a lonely alternative'. One bank employee who took part in home working found that this loneliness lowered the quality of her work, as she was unable to concentrate. Other problems she experienced included computer failures, which meant she had to go into the office anyway. Joe Seer, in his research for a trade union, reported: 'I studied one particular home worker from a public relations firm. She would go into the office for meetings because of loneliness and to get help from other staff, but would find that they thought she was just avoiding work. They considered home working the lazy way of doing things, and this caused several arguments.’
Some of these problems may be caused simply by the fact that such patterns of work are unfamiliar. That does not help people such as one publishing worker, who was allowed to work from home, but then had to accept a ?2000 pay cut. Another employee, a senior marketing consultant, had a whole list of complaints, including no assistance with the extra cost of electricity and the phone, and being contacted 24 hours a day, even in the evenings and at weekends. Home working may seem an attractive idea, but when faced with problems like these, it is not surprising that relatively few people actually choose to do it.
VI. Письменно выполните следующие задания к тексту.
• Выберите правильный вариант ответа на вопросы 1-4.
1 What did Larry Newson's survey contain?
A numbers of people working at home
B main reasons why people dislike working at home
C suggestions for ways of increasing numbers of home workers
2 Recently, the number of people working at home has
A fallen very little.
B stayed exactly the same.
C risen only slightly.
3 How was the bank employee affected by loneliness?
A She did not enjoy her work.
B Her work was not as good as before.
C She did not want to contact her office.
4 The marketing consultant wants more
A help with his expenses.
B contact with his office.
C technical support for his work.
• Соотнесите проблемы под цифрами 5-8 с людьми(A –G), которые столкнулись с ними.
5 a reduction in salary A property consultant
6 equipment breaking down B insurance company partner
7 disagreements with colleagues C bank employee
8 interrupted leisure time D trade union researcher
E public relations worker
F publishing worker
G marketing consultant
Topic for Discussion
My Future Speciality
I am going to become a specialist in computer technologies - a computer engineer.
Computer industry is developing so fast, that it comprises almost all spheres of professional life. No business now is possible without computers. This is especially true about automated manufacturing of products and robotics. Computer control of automated production opens new horizons for the cheap and quality production of goods. Information is now generated, transmitted, received, and stored electronically through computer networks on a scale unprecedented in history, and there is every ndication that the explosive rate of growth in this field will continue.
Computer engineering is a general field. It deals with both electric and electronic industries.
Electronic engineering deals with the research, design, integration, and application of circuits and devices used in the transmission and processing of information.
Major developments in the field of communications and control have been the replacement of analogue systems with digital systems; fibre optics are used now instead of copper cables. Digital systems offer far greater immunity to electrical noise. Fibre optics are likewise immune to interference; they also have great carrying capacity, and are extremely light and inexpensive to manufacture.
Computer engineering is now the most rapidly growing field. The electronics of computers is the design and manufacture of memory systems, of central processing units, and of peripheral devices. The most prospective industry now is the Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) and new computer architectures. The field of computer science is closely related to computer engineering; however, the task of making computers more "intelligent" (artificial intelligence) through creation of sophisticated programs or development of higher level machine languages or other means, is generally regarded as the dream of computer science.
One current trend in computer engineering is microminiaturization. Engineers continue to work to fit greater and greater numbers of circuit elements onto smaller and smaller chips.
Another trend is towards increasing the speed of computer operations through the use of parallel processors and superconducting materials.
So there are a lot of employment opportunities in this field.
Answer the following questions:
1. What can you say about the development of computer industry nowadays?
2. What industries does computer engineering deal with?
3. Will you speak on the advantages of fibre optics?
4. Comment on some trends in computer engineering (artificial intelligence, microminiaturization, increasing the speed of computer operations, etc.).
5. How difficult is it to find a good work in this field?
6. What do you look for in a job?
7. Are you a good worker? Can you give some examples?
8. How successful have you been so far?
9. What do you see yourself doing five years from now?
10. What are your strong and weak points?
Данная контрольная работа будет интересна тем, у кого уровень владения английского языка не ниже intermediate или upper-intermediate.
