Контрольная MEASURING ECONOMIC ACTIVITY
Письменно переведите на английский язык следующий текст
MEASURING ECONOMIC ACTIVITY
There are a large number of statistics produced regularly on the operation of the world's major economics. The UK's economy is no exception in this respect. You will probably have noticed that often the headlines in newspapers or important items on television news programmes relate to economic data and the implications for individuals and businesses. A prime example of this occurs when interest rates are increased: the media responds by highlighting the adverse effects on businesses with debts and householders with mortgages.
Data is provided on a wide range of aspects of the economy's operation. Statistics are available to show.
* the level of unemployment
* the level of inflation
* a country's trade balance with the rest of the world
* production volumes in key industries and the economy as a whole
* the level of wages
* raw material prices, and so forth.
The main statistics illustrating the economy's behavior relate to the level of activity in the economy. That is, they tell us whether the economy is working at full capacity using all or nearly all available resources of labour, machinery and other factors of production or whether these resources are being under-utilized.
The unemployment figures for the economy give an indicator of the level of activity. As the economy moves towards a recession and a lower level of prosperity it is likely that unemployment figures will rise. An alternative measure of the level of activity is national income statistics, which show the value of a nation's output during a year. Economists use the term Gross National Product to describe this data. Changes in the level or trends of such key data have great significance for businesses, as we shall see later.
There are numerous sources of data on the economy of which we can make use. The government publishes much through the Treasury, Department of Trade and Industry, the Bank of England and the Department of Employment. The Central Statistical Office, which was established during the Second World War, publishes about half of the government's economic data.
Much of this is contained in its annual publication, "The Annual Abstract of Statistics". It also publishes the equally valuable "Social Trends" annually. Additionally, private organizations, such аs the banks, building societies and universities, publish figures on various aspects of the economy's performance.
Economic statistics are presented in many forms, the most common being graphs and tables.
Although these statistics can be valuable in assisting managers, they should be treated with some caution when predicting the future trend of the economy and thus helping the business to take effective decisions.
Assignments
I. Suggest the Russian equivalents
important items on TV programmes relate to economic data and the implications for individuals and businesses; a prime example; the adverse effects; householders; statistics are available to show; available resources of labour; at full capacity; key industries; key data; the value of a nation's output; the Treasury; building societies; they should be treated with some caution; trend (find it in 3 sentences)
II. Replace the parts in italics by synonyms
a large number of the operation of the world's major economies; headlines relate to; the implications for individuals and businesses; by highlighting the adverse effects on businesses; these resources are being under-utilized; figures give an indicator of, changes have great significance for; numerous; additionally; economic statistics are presented in many forms
III. Fill in the gaps with the words and expressions from the text
1. The headlines in newspapers often ___ economic data and ___ for individuals and businesses.
2. The statistics tell us whether the economy is working ___ using all or nearly all, ___resources of labour, machinery and other factors of production or whether these resources are being___.
3. Economists use the term ___to describe the value of a nation's output during a year.
4. Although these statistics can be ____ in assisting managers, they should ___ with ___ when ___ the future trend of the economy.
IV Find in the text English equivalents for the following
много (многочисленные); в этом отношении; средства массовой информации; подчеркивать, выделять; закладные; объем производства; сырье; не полностью используется; уровень занятости; валовой национальный продукт; опубликовать в каких-либо источниках
V. В диалоге расставьте по местам приведённые ниже вопросы так, чтобы они соответствовали ответам.
How long are they staying?
Are there any seats available?
When will the tickets come?
When do they plan to leave?
What are the options?
Are there any British Airways flights about that time?
Susan. Grand Tour Agency. Susan Sharp speaking.
Hans. Hello, Susan. This is Hans Bradly. I need to send two of our sales managers to Rome next week.
Susan. OK.
Hans. Monday October 14th.
Susan. And if you want to book a return flight I must ask you:
Hans. Four days. They would like to come back on the night of 17th.
Susan. Let me have a look. There is a flight at 8.50 p.m. with British Airlines.
Hans. Susan. Fortunately, there are. I’ve just called it up on the screen. Shall I reserve you two right now?
Hans. Yes, please. And make it Business Class, OK?
Susan. In three or four days. I’ll send them to you as soon as they arrive.
VI. Познакомьтесь с визитной карточкой и ответьте на следующие вопросы:
Continental Equipment
John G. Smith
Financial Director
9 North Road, Brighton, BNI 5JF, England
Phone: (0273) 543359 Fax: (0273) 559364
1. Whose card is this?
2. Who is he?
3. What company is he from?
4. What city is he from?
5. What is his telephone number?
6. What is the address of his company?
Эта контрольная по английскому языку создана для тех, кто учится в экономических вузах. В контрольную входит английский экономический текст, который нужно перевести на русский язык.
