Контрольная MY FAVOURITE ENGLISH WRITER:
DANIEL DEFOE (1660-1731)
MY FAVOURITE ENGLISH WRITER:
DANIEL DEFOE (1660-1731)
I could read when I was five years old, but I preferred being read to reading myself like all the other children in the world. Most of all I was fond of Russian and Italian fairy tales. Then I got interested in Russian classical literature. When I was in my senior forms, I was keen on history and liked reading historical novels. I can’t say that I have never been fond of reading science fiction stories and detective stories. Reading has become my favourite pastime which has brought me a world of good. There is no better way to know about life than reading books.
One of the most impressive books I have read is The Life and Strange Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe. It was published in 1719 and is still popular among the readers in all countries of the world.
Daniel Defoe (1660-1731), a butcher's son, led an exciting and adventurous life. He was born near London and tried many different jobs. In 1685 he took part in the rebellion against King James II and was lucky to avoid execution. He was later put in prison for publishing opinions against the government, and even spent time as a secret agent.
Defoe published his own newspaper, and all his writing is vivid and realistic, like that of a good journalist. A Journal of the Plague Year, for example, tells exactly what it was like in London during the plague. And many people think that A Tour through the whole Island of Great Britain is the liveliest guide-book ever written. He also wrote hundreds of pamphlets and articles on everything from politics to pirates. In all his writing Defoe showed an interest in people and the difficulties facing them in the society of his time.
Defoe is best known as the writer of Robinson Crusoe, which he published in 1719. Many people think of this as the first successful English novel.
The story begins when Robinson is shipwrecked on a desert island. He makes a raft, and uses it to carry useful things from the wrecked ship: food, sewing-needles, a knife, a gun and some ammunition. He has to make his home on the island, and lives there alone for twenty-four years. Most of Defoe's book tells how Robinson hunts, fishes, builds shelters, keeps goats, tries to teach parrots to talk, and counts the days, weeks and years until rescue comes. One morning he finds a footprint in the sand; cannibals have landed on the island. He rescues their victim, he a man calls Friday because he found him on a Friday. Together they scare away the cannibals and they live on the island for three more years until a ship comes and rescues them.
Robinson is a made-up person. But Defoe based his story on real life. He read accounts in a newspaper of how a real sailor, Alexander Selkirk, had been marooned on a desert island and survived. Later, he read Selkirk's autobiography, telling of his life on the island. Defoe used Selkirk's account as the basis of his story. But most of what he wrote — the character of Robinson Crusoe, the long, lonely wait, the coming of the cannibals and the rescue of Friday — comes from his own imagination.
Robinson Crusoe shows a so-called civilized man having to survive on his own in the wild. We all wonder how we would survive without the help we get from modern appliances and the rest of the community, and Robinson sets us a good example.
I. Прочитайте текст и устно переведите его. Письменно ответьте на следующие вопросы, используя вокабуляр после текста:
1) Do you like to read? Who is your favourite English writer? What novels did you read by this writer?
2) Where and when was Daniel Defoe born?
3) What jobs did he try?
4) What was the main point in all his novels?
5) What was Defoe’s first successful novel?
6) What is the main idea of the novel “Robinson Crusoe”? What do you like most of all in the novel?
II. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод неопределенных и отрицательных местоимений.
1) Will anybody tell us what had happened?
2) You can read about the results of this expedition in any newspaper.
3) There is something wrong with the telephone.
4) The girl spoke with such a low voice that nobody could hear.
5) I’ll go nowhere tomorrow. I’ll be busy.
6) When the teacher came in everybody was ready for the lesson.
III. Перепишите предложения, вставляя неопределенные и отрицательные местоимения или их производные:
1) We had ___ time to discuss all the detail.
2) ___ is going to make a report on this subject.
3) Is there ___ coffee in the kettle?
4) We can always find ___ new in our library.
5) There is a cat in the room but there is ___ dog there.
6) She left the room without saying ___.
IV. Переведите письменно предложения на английский язык, обращая внимание на перевод неопределенных и отрицательных местоимений и их производных:
1) Любой из вас может помочь нам.
2) Некоторые из моих друзей также изучают английский язык.
3) Что-то не так? Я вижу, что-то беспокоит тебя.
4) Я никого здесь не знаю.
5) Не могли бы вы принести немного мела?
6) Я согласен встретиться с вами в любое время, в любом месте.
V. Найдите и выпишите из текста предложения с модальными глаголами и их эквивалентами, подчеркните их. Употребите выписанные предложения в отрицательную и вопросительную формы. Переведите утвердительные предложения на русский язык.
VI. Перепишите предложения, вставляя соответствующие модальные глаголы или их эквиваленты:
1) You really ___ work harder if you want to pass your exam.
2) My friend ___ speak three foreign languages.
3) He said he ___ not stay any longer.
4) ___ I have your book for a moment?
5) I’m sorry I ___ not come yesterday. I ___ to work late.
6) If you have a headache you ___ take an aspirin.
VII. Переведите письменно предложения на английский язык, обращая внимание на перевод модальных глаголов и их эквивалентов:
1) Ты не должен приходить домой так поздно.
2) Я не могу пойти сегодня в кино, мне придется остаться с сестрой.
3) Они были счастливы, что сумели помочь друзьям.
4) Она решила, что может взять машину отца.
5) Он не может вспомнить этого человека.
6) Сегодня мне не нужно делать домашнее задание, я сделала его вчера.
VIII. Найдите в тексте предложения с пассивными конструкциями, выпишите их, подчеркните сказуемое и определите его временную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
IX. Переведите на английский язык, обращая внимание на пассивные конструкции:
1) Письмо было продиктовано мне по телефону.
2) Тебе когда-нибудь объясняли значение этих слов?
3) Вся информация будет записана для вас на автоответчик.
4) Где ваш телевизор? – Его ремонтируют.
5) Точные цифры не были еще опубликованы.
6) Его выберут главой предприятия.
X. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видо-временную форму и залог. Поставьте предложения в отрицательную и вопросительную формы. Переведите утвердительные предложения на русский язык.
1) The experiment will have been finished by the time you return.
2) You’ve been telling me your secrets since you were six.
3) My child was being looked after well.
4) When he came back to the office, the secretary was still looking through the papers.
5) Goodbye, you won’t be seeing me for a long time. Future Continuous Active
6) By the time my parents get home I will have cleaned the house from top to bottom.
XI. Письменно переведите 5, 6, 7 и 8 абзацы текста
Эта контрольная по английскому довольно простая. Задания включают перевод текста и предложений с английского на русский.
Чтобы выполнить эту или другие контрольные работы по английскому, необходимо повторить пройденные грамматические и лексические темы. Повторение слов поможет вам выполнить правильный перевод.
