Контрольная N.I.LOBACHEVSKY (1792-1865)
I. Прочтите и устно переведите на русский язык весь текст. Перепишите и письменно переведите третий и четвёртый абзацы текста.
N.I.LOBACHEVSKY (1792-1865)
it was widely assumed by scholars
daring
was not intended to represent
self- consistent
a one- man phenomenon большинство учёных считало
отважный
не должна была представлять собой
самостоятельный
человек редкой одарённости
1. The life and scientific career of the great Russian mathematician N. I. Lobachevsky was closely connected with Kasan the town to which his family moved when he was a child.
2. In 1807 Lobachevsky entered the newly established University of Kasan where he showed remarkable mathematician talent. At the University N.I. Lobachevsky spent nearly forty years of his life as a student, professor and rector.
3. He wrote many papers on mathematics, but his fame was as mathematician “heretic”, the creator of the first non- Euclidean geometry. For twenty centuries Euclid and his system of geometry had remained supreme. It was widely assumed by scholars that mathematics, and geometry in particular, consisted of fundamental truths that existed independently of man. Two and two had to equal four and the sum of the three angles of a triangle had to be equal to 180 degrees.
4. Lobachevsky took a daring step and created a new geometry, which was not intended to represent anything “real”, it was simply a self- consistent mathematical system. It is to be found on the surface of a curve called a pseudosphere. Lobachevsky’s geometry had revolutionized mathematics and the philosophy of science.
5. Lobachevsky was a one- man phenomenon. Moreover Lobachevsky was a very good talented organizer. He organized the library and laboratories. He even studied architecture so as to supervise the building programme of the University. Besides that he led an effective fight against cholera in 1830 and against a great fire in 1842, saving the University each time.
II. Выберите правильный ответ в соответствии с содержанием текста:
1. What was N.I. Lobachevsky?
a) a physicist b) a mathematician c) a biologist.
2. What did Lobachevsky create?
a) non-Euclidean geometry;
a) Periodic Law of Elements;
b) Electron theory of atom.
3. Where did Lobachevcky live?
a) Moscow b) St.Petersburg c) Kasan.
III. Найдите соответствующие русские словосочетания.
closely connected
remarkable
creator
mathematical system
surface
talented organizer
architecture
to remain
fame
to supervise талантливый организатор
слава
поверхность
архитектура
наблюдать
оставаться
тесно связанный
создатель
замечательный
математическая система
IV. Перепишите данные ниже предложения. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи является слово с окончанием «-s» и служит ли оно: а) показателем 3-го лица единственного числа глагола в Present Indefinite; б) признаком множественного числа имени существительного; в) показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного. (см. образец выполнения 1). Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Maxwell’s theory showed that electricity and magnetism could exist in isolation.
2. Lobachevsky wrote many papers on mathematics.
3. Radio wave passes through the atmosphere including clouds and fog.
V. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, учитывая особенности перевода на русский язык определений, выраженных именами существительными. (см. образец выполнения 2).
1. In 1807 Lobachevsky entered the newly established Kasan University.
2. The new laboratory equipment is very important for our experiment.
3. The energy sources of the world are decreasing while the energy needs of the world are increasing.
VI. Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие прилагательные в различных степенях сравнения и переведите их на русский язык.
1. The greater the number of free electrons in a substance is, the better that substance conducts electricity.
2. The highest building in Moscow is the University in Lenin Hills.
3. Moscow is more beautiful in winter than in summer because of the snow.
VII. Выберите нужную форму глагола to be и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. The life and scientific career of Lobachevsky (is, was, will be) closely connected with Kasan.
2. There (are, were, will be) only two kinds of energy transfer- wave motion and particle motion.
3. The Celsius scale (is, was, will be) the scale used in most scientific experiments.
VIII. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в Past Indefinite Tense.
1. He (to organize) the library and laboratories.
2. Lobachevsky (to spend) nearly forty years of his life as a student, professor and rector.
3. Lobachevsky (to take) a daring step and (to create) a new geometry.
IX. Выберите нужную форму глагола to have и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Lobachevsky (to have, has, had) a talent of organizer.
2. Ultrasonics (to have, has, had) many uses in industry.
3. Solids (to have, has, had) a definite shape and volume due to strong intermolecular and interatomic forces.
X. Заполните пропуски прилагательными в соответствующей степени сравнения.
1. Electronic computer became an (important, more important, the most important) device in our society.
2. After Moscow St.Petersburg is the second (large, larger, the largest) and (important, more important, the most important) city in Russia.
3. Cambridge University is one of (old, older, the oldest) universities in Great Britain.
XI. Перепишите данные ниже предложения, определите в них видо- временную форму глаголов. Предложения переведите (см. образец выполнения 3).
1. Solids have a definite shape and volume.
2. Lobachevsky was the creator of non- Euclidean geometry.
3. Our laboratory will get the new equipment.
4. We are fulfilling a difficult task now.
5. The dean of our faculty was making a report for an hour.
6. He will be working the whole day tomorrow.
XII. Задайте общий, альтернативный, разделительный и специальные вопросы к данному предложению (см. образец выполнения 4):
At Cambridge Maxwell graduated second in his class in mathematics.
XIII. Образуйте слова с помощью данных суффиксов. Переведите исходные и производные слова.
а) существительные:
• er: to read, to report, to convert
• ation: to combin(e), to inform
• ence: effici(ent), depend(ent)
б) прилагательные:
• ive: product, conduct
• able: compar(e), valu(e)
• less: weight, motion.
Контрольная работа имеет средний уровень сложности. Контрольная создана для студентов вузов.
