Pricing
I. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в них герундий и укажите его функцию:
I. Поставьте следующие предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную форму.
1. There are a lot of engineers in the office.
2. They usually have breakfast at 8 o’clock.
3. She can go out for lunch at 1 o’clock.
4. We will go to London on business in 2 weeks.
5. He is busy now, he is talking with Mr Ali on the phone.
6. Last winter I spent a lot of time in the library.
7. Peter has already seen the new model of this machine in operation.
8. I was having talks with their representative at 12 o’clock.
9. There is a shop near my house.
10. She types letters every day.
11. We have spoken to the manager about our visit to the plant.
II. Заполните пропуски местоимениями some, any, no, every и их производными ( + body, + thing, + where ).
1. There are _ libraries in our district and I like to go to one of them.
2. I think there is _ important in this letter.
3. Are there _ economists in your office?
4. Is there _ interesting on TV today?
5. I have _ relatives here, they all live in Moscow.
6. There is _ urgent in this letter, you may type it later.
7. This film is very popular, _ has seen it.
8. She receives the mail in the morning and she always reads _letter.
9. I can’t find this fax but I know that it is _ on the desk.
10. _ is waiting for you in the hall.
11. It’s too late now, there is_ in the street.
12. It seems to me there isn’t _ in the office.
13. I can’t find my report, haven’t you seen it_?
14. The secretary wanted to speak to the manager but she could find him _.
III. Заполните пропуски словами much, many, few, little, a few, a little.
1. Are there _ shops in you district? 2. There isn’t _ furniture in this office. 3. He speaks _ at the lesson so the teacher always asks him to keep silent. 4. There is only _ bread left, please go and buy some for supper. 5. There are only _ books on the table but there are _ newspapers there. 6. There is _ water in the cup but there is _ in the jug, take it. 7. I have got only _ French books, I don’t know French very well.
III. Поставьте глаголы в нужном времени, употребив каждое из данных обстоятельств.
1. He (to go) on business to Moscow (often, just, two days ago, in a week, seldom).
2. I (to invest) money in real estate (already, the other day, next year, this week, always).
3. They (to see) the international football match on TV (yesterday, one of these days, today, lately, last week).
V. Раскройте скобки, употребив нужное по смыслу время.
At different period of time and in different parts of the world many different commodities (to serve) as money.
These commodities (to be): cattle, sheep, furs, leather, fish, tobacco, tea, salt, shells etc.
The experts (to underline) that to serve effectively as money, a commodity should (to be) fairly durable, easily divisible and portable.
None of the above commodities (to possess) all these qualities, and in time they (to supersede) by precious metals.
First they (to supersede) by silver and later by gold.
When a payment (to make) the metal first (to weigh) out.
The next stage (to be) the cutting of the metal into pieces of definite weight and so coins (to come) into use.
Paper money first (to come) into use in the form of receipts given by goldsmiths in exchangefor deposits of silver and gold coins.
After goldsmiths (to become) bankers their receipts (to become) banknotes.
That’s how the first banknotes (to come) into existence.
At first coins (to be worth) their face value as metals.
But later token coins of limited value as legal tender (to issue).
Now smaller denomination coins (to make) from bronze and often (to refer) to as coppers.
Bigger denomination coins (to make) from cupronickel and usually (to call) silver.
VI. Раскройте скобки, употребляя эквиваленты модальных глаголов в соответствующем времени.
1. We (not to have) to take a taxi because we had a lot of time before the plane took off.
2. I don't think we (to be able) to check the prices just after the meeting.
3. Our president (to be) to sign the contract with the British firm at 10 o'clock today.
4. The president said during the talks that they (not to be able) to reduce their prices for the goods.
5. You (to have to) get the materials ready right away?
6. Mr Camp couldn't wait any more as he (to be) to go to the airport in an hour.
7. You (to have to) reserve a room in advance to get accommodation at the hotel last month?
VII. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на пассивные конструкции, характерные для английского языка.
1. The luggage has been brought in. It will be attended to by the porter.
2. The director told them the contract had been gone through.
3. The terms of the contract are often referred to.
4. The declaration was filled in a few minutes ago.
VIII. Переведите следующие предложения, содержащие конструкцию the Complex Object.
1. We would like your company to deliver the goods promptly.
2. Our manager expected them to inform us of the contract terms.
3. I’ve seen the secretary come into the office some minutes ago.
4. They heard the engineers discuss the performance of the machine.
5. He wanted us to do the sights of London.
IX. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на специфику перевода Participle II.
1. The price of compressors quoted by the firm is very high.
2. I believe the machine-tools advertised by Brown & Bon will be in great demand on the market.
3. The defects found by the inspectors are to be eliminated as soon as possible.
4. The required samples will be sent tomorrow.
5. The goods offered by the firm are of high quality.
6. We are satisfied with the transaction concluded between our firms.
X. Прочитайте и переведите данный ниже отрывок, обратите внимание на перевод Participle I и Participle II.
The effects of information technology have penetrated to virtually every area of Dutch society. This has given rise to a rapidly expanding computer service sector, alongside the existing micro-electronics industry. The software houses form an important part of the computer service sector. An increasing number of them are producing software which can also be used internationally. The Dutch electronics industry is in a position to supply everything needed for office automation.
XI. Прочитайте и переведите текст.
PRICING
All products and all services have prices. The price depends on different things such as credit terms, delivery, trade-in-allowance, guarantees, quality and other forms of service. It's hardly possible to determine such a price which can produce the biggest profit during a long period of time. The price may be too high to produce a large volume or too low to cover costs. No other area of marketing operations has been a subject to bad practice. Many businesses persue unsound price policies for long periods of time and are not aware about it.
Prices can be determined in different ways. For example, the prices of meat, cotton and other agricultural prices can be decided in large central market where forces of supply and demand exist. This is pure price competition. The prices on industrial products (iron, steel, etc.) are usually decided by large companies. As a rule the amount and price of goods sold to large number of buyers is controlled by a few competing sellers. Prices also can be set by the government, usually for different public services - railroads, electricity, manufactured gas, bus services, etc.
If demand increases, prices rise, profits expand and new investment is attracted. But other factors may be involved as well. Prices are related to each other in different ways. Ultimately, everything is related in price, since the consumer can buy and must pay for everything out of a particular, limited amount of money.
XII. Задайте 5 вопросов к тексту (общий, специальный, альтернативный, разделительный, вопрос к подлежащему).
Контрольная по английскому довольно сложная и включает текст для перевода.
