Some Facts about the Atom

 

1. Перепишите предложения, переведите их на русский язык.
Определите функции глаголов to be, to have, to do:
1. At present scientists are working on the theory of interaction of all the atmospheric and oceanic global processes.
2. Sulpher dioxide and smoke pollute water and have serious effect on forest and health of people.
3. How does the greenhouse effect result in global warming?

2. Перепишите предложения, поставьте глаголы в скобках согласно правилам согласования времен. Переведите предложения:
1. It is known that air in many cities (to pollute) by traffic and industry.
2. The weather-man reported over the radio that it (to be cold) the following weekend.
3. Scientists believe that human being (to be) responsible for today’s major environment problems.

3. Перепишите и переведите следующие предложения.
Выпишите инфинитив и определите его функцию (функция подлежащего, обстоятельства цели, части сказуемого, дополнения, определения):
1. The task of the world community is to improve the ecological situation in the world. 2. Many attempts are being made to decontaminate polluted soils.
3. To protect the big cities from pollution is impossible.

4. Перепишите и переведите следующие предложения, определите тип инфинитивного оборота (сложное подлежащее, сложное дополнение или оборот с предлогом for):
1. A greenhouse effect is expected to cause cooling in higher parts of the atmosphere.
2. It is necessary for people to develop an international program to study data on land, forest, atmospheric and oceanic resources.
3. The new instruments will enable us to determine the level of pollution in our rivers.

5. Перепишите и переведите текст:
Environment Protection Must Be Global
At present scientists in industrially developed countries are working on the theory of interaction of all the atmospheric and oceanic global processes that determine the climate and weather of the world. Increasing growth of population, industrialization and the use of resources are slowly but surely changing the global climate and water balance. This can be described as a great experiment one that may bring about changes in the environment more serious than ever before.
The essential feature in the environment protection is that many problems can be solved only on the level of world community (сообщество).
Therefore the planning of protection against pollution by human society as a whole (в целом) is imperative today and in the near future. It is necessary to develop an international program to study data on land, forest, atmospheric and oceanic resources both renewable and non-renewable. It is the joint efforts of many scientists and special public organizations that can deal with the problem and take necessary measures to protect the environment.

6. Перепишите и переведите текст:
Some Facts about the Atom
An atom may be spoken of as the smallest particle of any substance.
If atoms cannot be seen it does not necessarily mean that they do not exist. It indicates that any particles if present must be extremely small. There are methods by means of which the sizes of atoms and their arrangement in molecules can be determined. One of these methods uses X-ray diffraction.
The results of a number of investigations show that when atoms are in contact with other atoms in molecules their radius is as much as 0.1 X 10-9 m (0.1 nm).
Some idea of how small atoms are can be obtained by imagining one million copper atoms (radius = 0.13 X 10-9 m (0.13 nm)). If these copper atoms are stacked one on top of the other the pile will be as high as the full stop at the end of this sentence.
In the course of many investigations, chemists came to a conclusion that the atoms of different elements are all made essentially of three simple types of units which were referred to as protons, neutrons and electrons.
The numbers of electrons, protons and neutrons in an atom of an element can be calculated if the atomic number and relative atomic mass of the element are known.

 

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