THE FIRST MODERN ECONOMISTS
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МОДУЛЬ 1 ГРАММАТИКА
ЗАДАНИЯ ПО ГРАММАТИКЕ
I. СТЕПЕНИ СРАВНЕНИЯ ПРИЛАГАТЕЛЬНЫХ И НАРЕЧИЙ
ТЕСТОВЫЕ УПРАЖНЕНИЯ
1. Подберите по смыслу и вставьте данные прилагательные, используя сравнительную степень:
crowded early easily expensive interested quiet large thin
Образец: This jacket is too small. I need a ……larger….size.
1 You look…………….….. Have you lost weight?
2 He’s not so keen on his studies. He’s…………………….in having a good time.
3 You’ll find your way around the town……………………….if you have a map.
4 You’re making too much noise. Can you be a bit……………………..?
5 There were a lot of people on the bus. It was………………………...than usual.
6 You’re late. I expected you to be here………………………
7 The hotel was surprisingly cheap. I expected it to be much……………………..
2. Заполните пропуски прилагательными, данными в скобках, используя сравнительную степень:
Образец: Sorry I’m late. It took me....longer….to get here than I expected. (long)
1 My toothache is………………than it was yesterday. (painful)
2 She looks about 20, but in fact she’s much…………..…….than she looks. (old)
3 The problem is not so complicated. It’s…………..…….than you think. (simple)
4 Your English has improved. You speak a lot………………….……than you did when we last met. (fluently)
5 Health and happiness are………………..…………..than money. (important)
6 We always go camping when we go on holiday. It’s much…………………than staying in a hotel. (cheap)
7 I like the countryside. It’s……………….and……………….than living in a town. (healthy/peaceful)
3. Заполните пропуски данными словами: better worse further older elder. Возможно их неоднократное использование:
Образец: Let me ask him. I know him…...better….. than you do.
1. We complained about the food in our hotel. But instead of improving, it got……………….
2. Your work isn’t very good. I'm sure you can do………………..than this.
3. Ann’s younger sister is still at school. Her………………sister is a nurse.
4. Our team played really badly this afternoon. We played………………..than we have ever played before.
5. “Is Jim younger than Tom?” “No, he’s…………………”
6. The damage to our car wasn’t so bad. It could have been much………………
7. If you need any…………………..information, please contact our head office.
4. Подберите по смыслу части из А и В, чтобы получить предложения с конструкцией the…..….the…..…..:
Образец: 4a
A
1) The earlier we leave
2) The longer he waited
3) The more I got to know him
4) The more you practise your English
5) The longer the telephone call
6) The more goods you sell
7) The longer I was waiting for the interview B
a) the faster you’ll learn
b) the more you have to pay
c) the sooner we’ll arrive
d) the more profit you’ll make
e) the more impatient he became
f) the more I liked him
g) the more nervous I became
1 ………………
2 ………………
3 ………………
4 ………………
5 ………………
6 ………………
7 ……………….
5. Закончите предложения, используя конструкцию not as (so)……as……:
Образец: I’m quite tall but you are taller. I’m not …as (so) tall as …you.
1. My salary is high but yours is higher. My salary isn’t ………………………….yours.
2. You know a bit about cars but I know more. You don’t ……………………….I do.
3. I still smoke but I used to smoke a lot more. I don’t ……………………………I used to.
4. I still feel quite tired but I felt a lot more tired yesterday. I don’t ……………………….I felt yesterday.
5. They’ve lived here for quite a long time but we’ve lived here longer. They haven’t …………………......we have.
6. I was a bit nervous before the interview but usually I’m a lot more nervous. I wasn’t ……………………..I usually am.
7. The weather is still unpleasant today but yesterday it was worse. The weather isn’t……………………..it was yesterday.
6. Закончите предложения, используя конструкцию not as(so)……as……:
Образец: Jack is younger than he looks. Jack isn’t …..as (so) old as ......he looks.
1. It’s warmer today than yesterday. It isn’t………………………..it was yesterday.
2. The station was nearer than I thought. The station wasn’t……………………….I thought.
3. I go out less than I used to. I don’t………………………..………..I used to.
4. The hotel is cheaper than I expected. The hotel isn’t…………………………..…….I expected.
5. There were fewer people at this meeting than at the last one. There weren’t…………………………………….at the last one.
6. The examination was easier than we expected. The examination wasn’t………………………………………. we expected.
7. Ann works reasonably hard but she used to work much harder. Ann doesn’t work………………………………she used to.
7. Закончите предложения, используя превосходную степень сравнения:
Образец: It’s a very nice room. It’s….the nicest room……in the hotel.
It was a very bad experience. It was one of…the worst experiences… in my life.
1. It’s a very cheap restaurant. It’s ………..……………………………….…. in the town.
2. It was a very happy day. It was …………………………………………….. in my life.
3. She’s a very intelligent student. She’s ………………………………………. in the school.
4. It’s a very valuable painting. It’s ……………………………………………. in the gallery.
5. He’s a very rich man. He’s one of…………………………………………. in the world.
6. It’s a very old castle. It’s one of …………………………………………..…. in Britain.
7. He’s a very good player. He’s one of …………………………….………. in the team.
8. Составьте вопросительные предложения из данных слов и словосочетаний, употребив прилагательные в превосходной степени:
Образец: Who / beautiful person / you know? …..Who is the most beautiful person you know?.....
1. What / large / city / your country?
What………………...……………………………………………………...……?
2. Who / famous singer / your country?
Who …………………………………………………………………………….?
3. What / popular sport / your country?
What …………………………………………………………………………....?
4. What / expensive thing / you / ever bought?
What…………………………………………………..………….………………?
5. What / happy / day / your life?
What was…………………………………….…………………….…...……….?
6. What / stupid thing / you / ever done?
What……………………………………………………………………………..?
7. Who / intelligent person / you know?
Who…………………………………………….……………………..…………?
?
II. ВРЕМЕНА АНГЛИЙСКОГО ГЛАГОЛА В ДЕЙСТВИТЕЛЬНОМ ЗАЛОГЕ
ТЕСТОВЫЕ УПРАЖНЕНИЯ
1. Раскройте скобки и употребите глагол в PRESENT SIMPLE:
Ann ….gets….(0.to get) up at 7 a.m. and (to take) a shower. She normally …………….. (1.not to have) breakfast. At 7.30 she ………….. (2.to catch) the bus. Her classes ……………… (3.to start) at 8.30. She always ……………… (4.to have) lunch in the cafeteria. The cafeteria food …………… (5.to be) OK and it ………..…. (6.to be) cheap too. Once a week Ann …………… (7.to go) swimming, after which she often …………. (8.to go) out for a pizza with her friends. Sometimes she …………… (9.to invite) friends to her house and they ………………… (10.to listen) to music and ………………. (11.to talk). From time to time she ………………. (12.to call) her family in London. They never ………………….. (13.to talk) for very long because it ………………. (14.to be) expensive. Ann ………………… (15.to like) watching TV or reading a magazine before bedtime.
2. Составьте предложения из данных слов и словосочетаний, используя глаголы в PRESENT CONTINUOUS:
Образец: I/in the park/sit/and/feed/birds.
I am sitting in the park and feeding birds.
1. on the sofa/My mum/sit/in the living-room/and/watch TV.
……………………………………………………………………………………
2. We/do/at the moment/homework.
……………………………………………………………………………………
3. now/read/My sister/an interesting book.
……………………………………………………………………………………
4. Ted and Mike/play football/in the yard.
……………………………………………………………………………………
5. What/carry/these boys?
……………………………………………………………………………………
6. take a shower/He/at the moment.
……………………………………………………………………………………
7. My brother/a tree/now/climb.
……………………………………………………………………………………
3. Выберите правильную временную форму сказуемого, PRESENT SIMPLE или PRESENT CONTINUOUS:
Образец: Please do not make so much noise. I ….am studying…(study/am studying)
1. Hurry! The bus ………….…………. (comes/is coming). I ……………………. (do not want/am not wanting) to miss it.
2. We usually ………………………… (grow/are growing) vegetables in our garden but this year we ………….…………. (do not grow/are not growing) any.
3. You can borrow my umbrella. I ………………………………… (do not need/am not needing) it at the moment.
4. George says he’s 80 years old but I …………………………. (do not believe/am not believing) him.
5. She ………………………… (stays/is staying) with her sister at the moment until she finds somewhere to live.
6. How many languages ………….……………… (does Tom speak/is Tom speaking)?
7. I ………………………………… (usually go/am usually going) to work by car.
4. Перепишите следующие предложения, используя глагол в PAST SIMPLE:
Образец: On Monday Tom wakes up early.
On Monday Tom….woke up….early.
1. At 7.30 he has breakfast with his family.
At 7.30 he…………………………………………………… with his family.
2. At 8 o’clock Tom catches a bus to work and it takes him about 20 minutes to get there.
At 8 o’clock Tom…………………………………………. to work and it…………………………. him about 20 minutes to get there.
3. At work he deals with different people: both suppliers and customers, and he also works with documents.
At work he……………………. with different people: both suppliers and customers, and he also……………………. with documents.
4. At 12 o’clock he has lunch with his colleagues in the canteen.
At 12 o’clock he…………….………………….. with his colleagues in the canteen.
5. In the evening he is very tired, but happy because he is with his family again.
In the evening he……………………………………. but happy because he……………. with his family again.
6. At 7.30 they have dinner at which they share their problems and plans.
At 7.30 they…………………………. at which they…………………. their problems and plans.
7. His bedtime tends to be at about 11 p.m.
His bedtime……………………………………….. at about 11 p.m.
5. Составьте предложения из данных слов и словосочетаний, используя глаголы в PAST CONTINUOUS:
Образец: Don/have/a bath/at 8 p.m. yesterday.
……Don was having a bath …..at 8 p.m. yesterday.
1. Ann/write/a letter in her room/when I entered.
…………………………………………………..………. when I entered.
2. George/get/ready to go out/when I phoned him.
…………………………………………………… when I phoned him.
3. Carol and Dennis/have/dinner/yesterday evening.
……………………………………………………. yesterday evening.
4. Tom/make/a phone call to is friend/while I was having dinner.
…………………………………………………… while I was having dinner.
5. The phone rang/when I/have/a shower.
The phone rang …………………………………………………………….
6. It began to rain/when I/walk/home.
It began to rain ……………………………………………………………...
7. We saw an accident/when we/wait/for the bus.
We saw an accident………………………………………………………….
6. Выберите правильную форму глагола, данного в скобках, PAST SIMPLE или PAST CONTINUOUS:
Образец: While Tom…was cooking…(cook) the dinner, the phone…rang…(ring).
1. George ………….. (fall) off the ladder while he …………… (paint) the ceiling.
2. Last night I ………………….. (read) in bed when suddenly I …………… (hear) a scream.
3. …………………………… (you/watch) television when I phoned you?
4. I ………….………. (break) a plate last night. I ………………..……. (do) the washing-up when it ……………..…….. (slip) out of my hand.
5. Tom ………………… (take) a photograph of me while I ………..……….. (not/look).
6. We …………………….... (not/go) out because it ………………………… (rain).
7. I …………………… (see) Carol at the party. She ………………..…….. (wear) a really beautiful dress.
7. Выберите правильную временную форму сказуемого, FUTURE SIMPLE или PRESENT CONTINUOUS (to be going to):
Образец: А: Why are you turning on the television?
В: I…am going to watch… (watch) the news.
A: Oh, I’ve just realised - I haven’t got any money.
B: Don’t worry – that’s no problem. I …will lend... (lend) you some.
1. A: I’ve got a terrible headache.
B: Have you? Wait there and I ……………….. (get) an aspirin for you.
2. A: Why are you filling that bucket with water?
B: I …………………………… (wash) the car.
3. A: I’ve decided to re-paint this room.
B: Oh, have you? What colour …………………………………. (you/paint) it?
4. A: Look! There’s smoke coming out of that house. It’s on fire!
B: Good heavens! I ……………………... (call) the fire-brigade immediately.
5. A: Where are you going? Are you going shopping?
B: Yes, I ………………………………. (buy) something for dinner.
6. A: I can’t work out how to use this camera.
B: It’s quite easy. I …………………………….. (show) you.
7. A: Did you post that letter for me?
B: Oh, I’m sorry. I completely forgot. I ……………….……. (do) it now.
8. (John has to go to the airport to catch a plane. He hasn't got a car):
John: Alan, can you take me to the airport this evening?
Alan: Of course I ……………………….. (take) you. I’d be delighted.
Later that day Eric offers to take John to the airport.
Eric: John, do you want me to take you to the airport?
John: No thanks, Eric. Alan…………………………... (take) me.
8. Подберите по смыслу и вставьте глаголы в правильной временной форме, PRESENT PERFECT или PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS:
Break finish work wait cook clean appear loose
Образец: I …have lost…my key. Can you help me look for it?
1. You look tired. ……………………………………………. hard?
2. Look! Somebody …………………………………. that window.
3. I ……………………………... reading the book you gave me two months ago.
4. “Sorry I’m late.” “That’s all right. I …………………………………….. long.”
5. Hello! I am cleaning the windows. So far I ………………………………. five of them and there are two more to do.
6. There’s a strange smell in here. …………………………………… something?
7. My brother is an actor. He ……………………………………. in several films.
МОДУЛЬ 2 Чтение
ЗАДАНИЯ ДЛЯ САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНОЙ РАБОТЫ ПО ЧТЕНИЮ
UNIT 1
1.1 Подберите правильный перевод к словам и фразам.
1) compete (v) a. импорт
2) exceed (v) b. способствовать
3) wealth (n) c. прибыль
4) acquire d. соревноваться
5) enact a law e. природные ресурсы
6) promote (v) f. превышать
7) to attain goals g. экспорт
8) import (n) h. богатство
9) export (n) i. достигать цели
10) profit (n) j. приобретать
11) natural resources k. вводить закон
1.2 Прочитайте текст, переведите его и найдите ответы на вопросы.
1) What two groups of philosophers are discussed?
2) What is a “favorable balance of trade”?
3) What is “laissez faire” and with which group is the term associated?
4) What was the true measure of a nation’s wealth according to the mercantilists and the physiocrats?
THE FIRST MODERN ECONOMISTS
The Mercantilists. Between the 16th and the 18th centuries, the major countries of Europe believed in the economic theory of mercantilism. Mercantilists argued that nations should behave as if they were merchants competing with one another for profit. Accordingly, governments should support industry by enacting laws designed to keep labor and other production costs low, and exports high. In this way the nation could achieve what was called a “favorable balance of trade”.
“Favorable balance of trade” described a situation in which exports exceeded imports. The excess, which was like profits to a merchant, would result in an increase in the nation’s supply of gold or silver. And, as most people agreed in those days, the true measure of a nation’s wealth was its hoard of gold or silver.
To achieve favorable trade balances, the major European powers sought to acquire colonies. Colonies, it was thought, could provide the “mother country” with cheap labor, raw materials and a market for its manufactured goods.
In an effort to attain these goals in their American colonies, the British, for example, enacted the Navigation Acts. The Navigation Acts protected British industry by prohibiting the colonies from producing certain goods like hats, woolen products and wrought iron. The laws also listed certain “enumerated articles” (mostly raw materials) which could not be sold to buyers in countries other than England.
Resentment towards the Navigation Acts was so great that they are regarded as one of the principal causes of the Revolutionary War.
Today there are people who still argue that their country should promote a “favorable balance of trade”, that their national government should do what it can to restrict imports and promote exports. For that reason, they are often described as neomercantilists or “new” mercantilists.
The Physiocrats. For one group of 18th-century French philosophers and economists, the suggestion that that nations should go out of their way to protect business and industry made no sense at all. These were the physiocrats.
The physiocrats argued that the products of agriculture and other natural resources were the true source of wealth. Since these were God-given, it made little sense for government to go out of its way to help business and industry increase profits. For similar reasons, they opposed government efforts to promote a “favorable balance of trade”.
In other words, since real wealth came from land, it followed that the wisest thing government could do would be to keep its hands off business and let nature take its course. This idea was expressed in the slogan “laissez faire” (let people do as they choose).
Interestingly, the 200-year-old argument between those favoring regulation of the economy and those supporting “laissez faire” is still with us. Whether the problem involves individuals (like those living in poverty and unemployment) or institutions (such as a rising tide of business or bank failures), there are those who find the solution in government intervention, and others who favor “laissez faire” letting natural economic forces take their course.
1.3 Прочитайте текст и отметьте, истинны или ложны (True or False) данные утверждения, согласно тексту. Исправьте ложные утверждения.
1) The economic theory of mercantilism appeared in the 19th century.
2) The mercantilists agreed that a “favorable balance of trade” was the source of a nation’s wealth.
3) Major European powers acquired colonies to get markets for their manufactured goods.
4) British colonies could sell raw materials to all European countries.
5) The ideas of the mercantilists were forgotten long ago.
6) The physiocrats supported the idea that nations should protect business and industry.
7) The ideas of the physiocrats were expressed in the slogan “laissez faire”.
1.4 Дополните выражения из текста предлогами.
1) compete ________ one another ________ profit
2) supply ________ gold or silver
3) resentment ________ the Navigation Acts
4) go ________ _________ their way
5) keep its hands ________ business
6) find the solution _________
1.5 Составьте фразы из слов в колонках A и B.
A. 1) manufactured B. a. costs
2) raw b. intervention
3) restrict c. goods
4) production d. imports
5) government e. materials
6) protect f. business
1.6 Дайте развернутые ответы на вопросы в письменной форме.
1) How were the mercantilists and the physiocrats different from each other?
2) Does the opinion about economic policies continue to be divided into two schools of thought similar to those described in the text?
UNIT 2
2.1 Подберите правильный перевод к словам и фразам.
1) competitor (n) a. спрос
2) consumer (n) b. предложение
3) benefit (v) c. влиятельный
4) demand (n) d. эффективный
5) maximize (v) e. приносить пользу
6) interfere (v) f. увеличить до предела
7) supply (n) g. потребитель
8) efficient (adj) h. факторы производства
9) influential (adj) i. конкурент
10) factors of production j. вмешиваться
2.2 Прочитайте текст, переведите его и найдите ответы на вопросы.
1) With which group are A.Smith’s ideas most in agreement: the mercantilists or the physiocrats?
2) What is another term for Smith’s “invisible hand”?
3) When was The Wealth of Nations published?
4) What industry did Smith describe to demonstrate how the principle of the division of labor worked?
ADAM SMITH AND THE WEALTH OF NATIONS
1776, THE YEAR THAT Americans associate with the signing of the Declaration of Independence, also marked the publication in England of one of the most influential books of our time, The wealth of Nations. Written by Adam Smith, it earned the author the title “The father of economics”.
Smith objected to the principal economic beliefs of his day. He differed with the physiocrats who argued that land was the only source of wealth. He also disagreed with the mercantilists who measured the wealth of a nation by its money supply, and who called for government regulation of the economy in order to promote a “favorable balance of trade”.
In Smith’s view, a nation’s wealth was dependent upon production, not agriculture alone. How much it produced, he believed, depended upon how well it combined labor and the other factors of production. The more efficient the combination, the greater the output, and the greater the nation’s wealth.
The heart of Smith’s economic philosophy was his belief that the economy would work best if left to function on its own without government regulation. In those circumstances, self-interest would lead business firms to produce only those products that consumers wanted, and to produce them at the lowest possible cost. They would do this, not as a means of benefiting society, but in an effort to outperform their competitors and gain the greatest profit. But all this self-interest would benefit society as a whole by providing it with more and better goods and services, at the lowest prices.
To explain why all society benefits when economy is free of regulation, Smith used the metaphor of the “invisible hand”. The “invisible hand” was Smith’s name for the economic forces that we today would call supply and demand, or the marketplace. He sharply disagreed with the mercantilists who, in their quest for a “favorable balance of trade”, called for regulation of the economy. Instead, Smith agreed with the physiocrates and their policy of “laissez faire”, letting individuals and businesses function without interference from government regulation or private monopolies. In that way, the “invisible hand” would be free to guide the economy and maximize production.
The Wealth of Nations goes on to describe the principal elements of the economic system. Smith turned to the pin industry to demonstrate how the division of labor and the use of machinery increased output.
“One man draws out the wire, another straights it, a third cuts it, a fourth points it, a fifth grinds it at the top for receiving the head; to make the head requires two or three distinct operations …”.
Although modern technology has improved the methods by which pins are produced, the principles pertaining to the division of labor remain unchanged.
Similarly, other sections dealing with the factors of production, money and international trade are as meaningful today as when they were first written. Smith’s The Wealth of Nations contains some of the best descriptions of the principles upon which the economic system of the United States is based.
2.3 Прочитайте текст и отметьте, истинны или ложны (True or False) данные утверждения, согласно тексту. Исправьте ложные утверждения.
1) A.Smith agreed with the physiocrats that land was the only source of wealth.
2) Smith was against government regulation of the economy in order to promote a favorable balance of trade.
3) In Smith’s view, a nation’s wealth was dependent upon the combination of labor and other factors of production.
4) Business firms produce only those products that consumers want as a means of benefiting society.
5) The “invisible hand” was the name for the economic forces of the market given by the mercantilists.
6) The principle elements of the economic system have changed since the time of A.Smith.
2.4 Дополните фразы из текста данными словами.
trade, output, beliefs, society, competitors, profit, production, favorable
1) principle economic __________
2) to promote a _________ balance of __________
3) to benefit _________
4) to outperform ___________
5) to gain the greatest ___________
6) to increase _________
7) to maximize __________
2.5 Дополните выражения из текста предлогами.
1) differ ______ the physiocrats
2) call ______ government regulation
3) dependent ______ production
4) free ______ regulation
5) ______ the lowest prices
6) function ______ its own
2.6 Дайте развернутые ответы на вопросы в письменной форме.
1) How does the “invisible hand” operate in a nation’s economy?
2) Why is The Wealth of Nations written by A.Smith considered to be one of the most influential books of our time?
АКТИВНАЯ ЛЕКСИКА
Unit 1
major (adj) – крупный, главный
compete (v) – соревноваться
achieve (v) – достигать
favorable balance of trade – активный торговый баланс
exceed (v) – превышать
increase (v) – увеличивать(ся), повышать(ся)
wealth (n) – богатство
source of wealth – источник богатства
measure (n) – мера
supply (n) – запас, предложение
acquire (v) – приобретать
to enact a law – вводить закон
promote (v) – способствовать
restrict (v) – ограничивать
to attain goals – достигать цели
import (n) – импорт
export (n) – экспорт
profit (n) – прибыль
natural resources – природные ресурсы
laissez faire – фр. политика невмешательства государства в экономику
poverty (n) – бедность
unemployment (n) – безработица
Unit 2
influential (adj) – влиятельный
efficient (adj) – эффективный
to call for – призывать
to depend upon – зависеть от
factors of production – факторы производства
output (n) – выпуск продукции
consumer (n) – потребитель
benefit (v) – приносить пользу
competitor (n) – конкурент
self-interest – личная выгода, заинтересованность
demand (n) – спрос
maximize (v) – увеличить до предела
division of labor – разделение труда
interfere (v) – вмешиваться
Модуль 3 УСТНАЯ ТЕМА
ЗАДАНИЯ ПО САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНОЙ РАБОТЕ НАД УСТНЫМИ ТЕМАМИ
I. SOUTHERN FEDERAL UNIVERSITY
1.1 Изучите активную лексику урока и подберите правильный перевод к словам и фразам.
1) current enrolment a. обязательный
2) natural sciences b. учебный план
3) graduate (from) (v) c. аспирантура
4) course of study d. преподавательский состав
5) correspondence course e. присваивать, присуждать (степень)
6) social sciences f. отдел, отделение
7) compulsory (adj) g. текущий набор
8) curriculum (n) h. естественные науки
9) department (n) i. общественные науки
10) postgraduate studies j. окончить учебное заведение
11) teaching staff k. курс обучения
12) confer (v) l. курс заочного обучения
1.2 Прочитайте текст, переведите его и выберите правильные ответы на вопросы.
1) Southern Federal University was set up
a. in 1915;
b. in 1869;
c. in 2007.
2) The current enrolment at SFU is
a. about 25,000 students;
b. about 50,000 students;
c. about 500 students.
3) The course of study for Bachelor’s Degree is divided into
a. 2 academic years;
b. 6 academic years;
c. 4 academic years.
4) The students who took a five-year course receive
a. Diplomas of higher education;
b. Master’s Degree;
c. Candidate Degree.
The history of Rostov State University (now Southern Federal University) dates back to 1869 when the Russian Imperial University was founded in Warsaw, Poland. In 1915 it was transferred to Rostov-on-Don because of World War I.
On May, 24th 2007 four leading State Higher Professional Institutions in the South of Russia – Rostov State University, Rostov Architecture and Art Academy, Rostov Pedagogical University, Taganrog State University of Radio Engineering – were incorporated in Southern Federal University (SFU).
Southern Federal University is an educational, scientific, research and development unit. It consists of 36 faculties and 206 departments. It also comprises 70 Research Departments, including Research Institutes and Innovative Departments. SFU is currently offering courses of studies in 80 programmes and courses of postgraduate studies that lead to Candidate and Doctoral degrees. The current enrolment at SFU is 49,741 students, including 24,229 full-time students and 500 foreign students. The teaching staff of Southern Federal University has high scientific and academic potential. There are 8258 members, including 391 Professors and Doctors of Science and 1540 Candidates of Science.
The course of study at the University is split into 4 academic years if one takes day classes for Bachelor’s Degree, and 6 academic years for Master’s Degree. It also takes 6 years for those studying through evening and correspondence courses. The academic year is divided into 2 semesters. At the end of each semester the students take tests and exams. At the end of the course of study the students take final exams and submit their graduation paper or project. The curriculum includes subjects in the social and natural sciences and foreign languages. During the academic year the students are given lectures on certain compulsory and elective courses. After graduating from the University, the graduates receive Bachelor’s and Master’s Degrees. Those who took a five-year course receive Diplomas of higher education. Upon completion of three-years courses, based on research and writing of a dissertation, Candidate and Doctorate Degrees are conferred. Academic Boards are accredited by the state to award Candidate and Doctoral Degrees in a number of specializations.
1.3 Дополните выражения из текста предлогами.
1) the history dates back _______
2) were incorporated _______ Southern Federal University
3) consists _______ 36 faculties
4) courses _______ postgraduate studies
5) is split _______ 4 academic years
6) if one takes day classes _______ Bachelor’s Degree
7) study ______ evening and correspondence courses
8) subjects _______ the social and natural sciences
9) lectures _______ certain compulsory and elective courses
10) based _______ research
1.4 Заполните пропуски в предложениях одним из предложенных слов.
1) Rostov State University _________ in 1915. (found, founded, was founded)
2) Southern Federal University __________ Research Departments, Research Institutes and Innovative Departments. ( offers, comprises, receives)
3) The academic year is divided ___________ 2 semesters. (on, to, into)
4) At the end of the course of study students submit __________ paper. (final, graduation, course)
5) Courses of postgraduate studies lead to __________ Degrees. (Candidate, Master’s, Bachelor’s)
1.5 Составьте предложения из предложенных слов.
1) Rostov-on-Don, because of, 1915, to, was transferred, the, University, World War I, in.
2) Current, is, enrolment, about, the, SFU, 50,000, at, students.
3) Southern Federal University, academic, the, staff, of, high, scientific, and, has, potential, teaching.
4) At, tests, of, the, take, semester, the, end, students, and, each, exams.
5) Degrees, the, receive, Bachelor’s, graduates, Master’s, and.
1.6 Составьте план и кратко изложите содержание текста в письменной форме.
II. ROSTOV-ON-DON
2.1 Изучите активную лексику урока и подберите правильный перевод к словам и фразам.
1) customs house a. многочисленный
2) fortress (n) b. отражать
3) in honor of c. учебное заведение
4) distinguish (v) d. машиностроение
5) railway junction e. экспонат
6) machine building f. отличать, различать
7) numerous (adj) g. таможня
8) educational establishment h. в честь
9) exhibit (n) i. железнодорожный узел
10) reveal (v) j. крепость
2.2. Прочитайте текст, переведите его и выберите правильные ответы на вопросы.
1) Rostov-on-Don was founded
a. in 1788;
b. in 1761;
c. in 1749.
2) One of the streets in Rostov is named after
a. Empress Elizabeth;
b. General Suvorov;
c. Dmitri Rostovsky.
3) Rostov became the leading centre of trade and transport in the South of Russia thanks to
a. its geographical location;
b. the customs house;
c. the fortress.
4) During World War II Rostov
a. developed rapidly;
b. was rebuilt by the inhabitants
c. was twice occupied by the Nazis.
By Russian standards, Rostov-on-Don is a relatively young city. It was founded first as a customs house on the high, west bank of the Don River in 1749. Twelve years later, in 1761, the daughter of Peter the Great, Empress Elizabeth, ordered the construction of a fortress at the place which is now Kirov Square. The fortress was one of the main military bases of the Russian Army on the Asov coast during the Russian – Turkish War. The famous Russian General Suvorov visited the fortress in 1788. In honor of this visit one of the streets of Rostov is called Suvorov Street. A city grew up around the fort and it was named after the Russian Saint, Dmitri Rostovsky. In 1806 Emperor Alexander I added “-on-Don” to the city’s name to distinguish it from the smaller, Golden Ring city of Rostov the Great in the Yaroslav region.
Rostov developed rapidly in the 19th century. Thanks to its geographical location it became the leading centre of trade and transport in the South of Russia.
During World War II Rostov was twice occupied by the Nazis and most of the city was destroyed. Soon afterward, however, the inhabitants rebuilt the city and reestablished its position as the leading city for trade and business.
Rostov is called the Gateway to the Caucasus, as it is the central connection between the European part of Russia and the Caucasus. Rostov is a major railway junction and a river port. It is a big industrial centre with such major industries as machine building, chemical production, shipping and transport, agriculture, coal mining, food and light industries. Numerous plants and factories of Rostov produce harvesters, helicopters, refrigerators, chemicals, paints, textiles, diary products, drinks and many other goods.
Rostov is one of the most culturally diverse cities in the South of Russia. It is a city of science and students. There are many educational establishments here including: Southern Federal University, Medical University, the Don State Technical University and the Academy of National Economy.
Rostov-on-Don has many theatres, cinemas and museums. Guests of Rostov can visit the Maxim Gorky Drama Theatre, the Musical Theatre, the Philharmonic Society, the Theatre of Young Spectators, the Puppet Show Theatre and the Circus.
The Museum of Fine Arts in Pushkinskaya Street has oil paintings by Vereshchagin, Aivazovsky, Shishkin, Levitan, Perov, Repin and other famous Russian masters. The Museum of Local Lore offers visitors many interesting exhibits which reveal the history of freedom-loving Cossacks.
2.3 Дополните выражения из текста предлогами.
1) _______ Russian standards
2) the construction of a fortress ________ the place
3) one _______ the main military bases
4) _______ the Russian – Turkish War
5) _______ honor of this visit
6) was named _________ the Russian Saint
7) to distinguish it ________
8) the leading city ________ trade and business
9) the Gateway ________ the Caucasus
10) oil paintings _______ Vereshchagin
2.4 Заполните пропуски в предложениях одним из предложенных слов.
1) In 1761 Empress Elizabeth ordered the construction of ______. (a fortress, a customs house, a factory)
2) Rostov developed ______ in the 19th century. (slowly, rapidly, greatly)
3) Rostov is one of the most culturally ______ cities in the South of Russia. (famous, rich, diverse)
4) The Museum of Local Lore ______ visitors many interesting exhibits. (offered, offers, was offered)
5) Plants and factories of Rostov ______ many goods. (product, production, produce)
2.5 Подберите правильные окончания к предложениям.
1) Rosov-on-Don was founded first ……..
2) The famous Russian General Suvorov ……..
3) The city’s major industries are ……..
4) Rostov is called the Gateway to the Caucasus, ……..
5) The Museum of Fine Arts ……..
a. ……. as it is the central connection between the European part of Russia and the Caucasus.
b. …….. visited the fortress in 1788.
c. …….. has oil paintings by famous Russian masters.
d. …….. as a customs house on the west bank of the Don River in 1749.
e. …….. machine building, chemical production, shipping and transport, agriculture, coal mining, food and light industries.
2.6 Составьте план и кратко изложите содержание текста в письменной форме.
АКТИВНАЯ ЛЕКСИКА
Southern Federal University
to date back to – вести начало, восходить
found (v) – основать
transfer (v) – переносить, перемещать
incorporate (v) – объединять(ся)
research and development – исследование и развитие
department (n) – отдел, отделение
comprise (v) – включать, содержать
currently (adv) – в настоящее время
full-time students – студенты дневного отделения
course of study – курс обучения
postgraduate studies – аспирантура
current enrolment – текущий набор
teaching staff – преподавательский состав
split (v) – разбивать, делить(ся)
Bachelor’s degree – степень Бакалавра
Master’s degree – степень Магистра
correspondence course – курс заочного обучения
final exam – выпускной экзамен
submit (v) – представлять на рассмотрение
graduation paper – дипломная работа
curriculum (n) – учебный план
social sciences – общественные науки
natural sciences – естественные науки
compulsory (adj) – обязательный
graduate (from) (v) – окончить учебное заведение
graduate (n) – выпускник
confer (v) – присваивать, присуждать (степень)
award (v) – присуждать, награждать
Rostov-on-Don
relatively (adv) – относительно
customs house – таможня
fortress (n) – крепость
in honor of – в честь
distinguish (v) – отличать, различать
rapidly (adv) – быстро
thanks to – благодаря
inhabitant (n) – житель
the Gateway to the Caucasus – Ворота на Кавказ
railway junction – железнодорожный узел
machine building – машиностроение
shipping and transport – перевозки и транспорт
coal mining – добыча угля
numerous (adj) – многочисленный
harvester (n) – уборочная машина
helicopter (n) – вертолет
diary products – молочные продукты
culturally diverse – разнообразный в культурном отношении
educational establishment – учебное заведение
oil painting – картина маслом
exhibit (n) – экспонат
reveal (v) – отражать
Контрольная по английскому языку включает в себя три модуля, 6 текстов для перевода и задания к ним.
