WAYS IN WHICH BUSINESS FIRMS COMBINE
I. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните о каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык; В разделе (б) обратите внимание на перевод пассивных конструкций (см. образец выполнения 1).
а) 1. The style of writing business letters in English is changing rapidly.
2. In preparation for the single market the European Community has adopted a series of laws.
b) 1. The penalty clause was insisted on by the customer.
2. Selling and buying foreign currency for local currency is usually carried out at exchange offices.
II. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните Participle I и Participle II и установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Переведите, предложения на русский язык (см. образец выполнения 2).
1. All products leaving the factory are carefully inspected for the right standard of quality.
2. Research carried out on a possible new trading area is called field survey (изучение спроса).
3. While writing a business letter, say what you want to say in the simplest and clearest way.
4. Although correctly packed the goods were damaged during unloading.
III. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие сложные предложения. Обратите внимание на перевод условных предложений (см. образец выполнения 3).
1. If this equipment is not very expensive it is in great demand on the world market.
2. It would be a very good thing if your country joined the E.E.C. or the European Union.
IV. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. In Britain the law does not say what shops can be open on Sundays but it says what goods can be sold on Sundays.
2. Labour turnover is the percentage of employees who leave in a year and have to be replaced.
3. A fineness of bullion standard bars should be at least 995, it means that the proportion of pure gold in the alloy of 1000 parts is 995 parts.
4. Goods entering a foreign country may be liable for duty.
V. Прочтите и устно переведите с 1-го по 5-й абзацы текста. Перепишите и письменно переведите 1-й, 2-й, 3-й и 4-й абзацы.
WAYS IN WHICH BUSINESS FIRMS COMBINE
1. There are two reasons why businesses combine: (1) When businesses grow, they also tend to become more efficient. When this happens, the costs of producing each item decrease, and profits increase. (2) Competition is eliminated. If the number of competing firms is reduced as a business grows, the growing firm may be able to charge more for its products.
2. There are certain kinds of companies whose sole objective has been to buy and hold the stock of other corporations. In this way they hope to own enough shares of stock to control the operations of these businesses. Firms that control others in this way are called holding companies. Perhaps the best-known holding company is the American Telephone and Telegraph Corporation (AT&T). This giant firm holds controlling shares in the telephone companies servicing most of the United States. It also controls a number of other kinds of corporations.
3. A merger takes place when two or more firms are brought together into one. Once merged, the companies may keep their old names, take on the name of just one of the firms, or acquire an entirely new name.
4. The conglomerate is a combination of companies in unrelated fields. For example, the International Telephone and Telegraph Corporation (ITT), which was originally concerned with telephone communications and the manufacture of telephone equipment, has become a conglomerate. ITT now owns Sheraton Hotels a company that operates hotels and motors inns; Continental Baking, a baker and a vending machine distributor; and other companies in such areas as manufacturing and insurance.
5. Integration takes place when two or more firms combine together to farm а larger unit. Firms doing the same kind of work which combine are said to form a horizontal integration e.g. five radio shops. Firms operating at different stages of production e.g. a supplier of leather, a shoe manufacturer and a shoe shop, are said to form a vertical integration if they combine. Occasionally an organization integrates both horizontally and vertically.
VI. Прочтите 5-й абзац текста и ответьте письменно на следующий вопрос:
What integration is called horizontal and what integration is called vertical?
Контрольная состоит из нескольких заданий. Одним из заданий является перевод текста.
