Контрольная ALEXANDER FLEMING
I. Прочитайте и устно переведите на русский язык весь текст.
ALEXANDER FLEMING.
(1881 -1955)
1. The Scottish bacteriologist Alexander Fleming is the well known for his discovery of penicillin. 2. It was the greatest contribution of medicinal science ever made to humanity.
3. Alexander Fleming was born in Scotland in August in 1881. 4. Nature was considered by him as the first and the best teacher. 5. Nature developed his power of observations and taught him to apply and to act according to observations.
6. Like many Scotts Alexander Fleming left his native land for better career opportunities. 7. In 1895 he went to London where he decided to dedicate his life to medicine. 8. He chose a career in bacteriology. 9. Alexander Fleming assisted Almroth Wright, the founder of vaccinotherapy.
10. Almroth Wright was the first to use vaccines on human beings. 11. Under the influence of Aimroth Wright Fleming became interested in bacterial action and antibacterial drugs. 12. The more knowledge Fleming obtained in the fields of anatomy, bacteriology the more he was sure in the right choosing of his profession. 13. The need for further research in these fields excited his mind.
14. After graduating from the London University Alexander Fleming was considered as outstanding as he was able to become a member of teaching and research staff of St. Mary’s hospital.
15. After military service he returned to laboratory work and was engaged in developing antiseptics. 16. Fleming conducted experiments that later focused his attention to the properties of penicillin. 17. The leitmotiv of Fleming’s career was his search for a chemical substance which would destroy infections bacteria without destroying tissues or weakening the body’s defenses. 18. Once Fleming noted that his experiment was mined by an accident. 19. Fleming noted that on a culture plate of staphylococci a mold which was introduced by accidental contamination had dissolved the colonies of staphylococci. 20. He found that the bacterial substance produced by the mold was unstable and rapidly lost its activity. 21. The blue mould was in fact the natural form of penicillin which Fleming realized was an effective way of killing bacteria. 22. A few years later, penicillin was mass-produced. 23. The accident led to one of the greatest medical discoveries of modem times.
24. Alexander Fleming’s discovery of penicillin did more to help suffering people than anything else for centuries.
Выполните следующие задания письменно.
II. Выберите информацию, которая соответствует содержанию текста:
Text is about:
a) the school years of Alexander Fleming;
b) the scientific activity of Alexander Fleming;
c) the pedagogical activity of Alexander Fleming;
d) the contribution of Alexander Fleming’s to chemistry
III. а) Напишите номера вопросов, на которые нет ответов в тексте.
в) Найдите в тексте ответы на остальные вопросы и переведите их на русский язык.
1. When was Alexander Fleming born?
2. Who were his parents?
3. Why did he go to London in 1895?
4. What field of medicine did Fleming choose his career in?
5. What did Fleming publish under the influence of Ahnrofh Wright?
6. When did Fleming graduate from the University?
7. What discoveries were made by scientists in 1914?
8. What problem was Fleming concerned with?
9. How did Fleming discover penicillin?
10. What contribution did Fleming make to physiology?
IV. а) Выпишите из данных предложений предложение, где слово, оформленное окончанием “s” служит показателем 3-го лица ед. числа глагола в Present Simple Active. Предложение переведите. (Образец выполнения № 1)
1. Scientists publish their works in scientific journals.
2. Scientist works in chemical laboratory very often.
3. Works of outstanding scientists are often referred to.
б) Признаком множественного числа имени существительного. Предложение переведите.
1. Inquiry office studies the demands for medicines and medical goods.
2. Pharmacist’s work demands the ability to communicate with all types of people.
3. Research work always demands great attention and accuracy.
в) Выпишите из текста предложение, где слово, оформленное окончанием “s” служит показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного. Предложение переведите.
V. а) Выпишите из текста предложение, содержащее сравнительную конструкцию the ... the .... Предложение переведите на русский язык.
(Образец выполнения № 2)
б) Выпишите из текста 1 предложение, с прилагательным в превосходной степени. Предложение переведите. Напишите прилагательное в положительной и сравнительной степени с переводом.
в) Напишите перевод следующих прилагательных; подчеркните суффиксы, с помощью которых они образованы.
dangerous, available, concomitant, odorless, reddish, expensive
VI. а) Перепишите следующие существительные, подчеркните суффиксы, при помощи которых они образованы, переведите.
Education, influence, experience, consciousness, thinker, scientist, cleverness
б) Напишите в три колонки номера прилагательных
а) в положительной степени; в) в сравнительной степен; с) в превосходной степени
1. better; 2. more serious; 3. higher; 4. the most useful; 5. many; 6. less; 7. the finest; 8. the finest; 9. great; 10. smaller; 11. more important; 12. the most reactive.
в) Определите какой частью речи являются ниже перечисленные
слова, например, а) 0,….; b)…;
а) существительные; b) прилагательные;
0. absorption;
1. infusion; 2. sufficient; 3. indicator; 4. property; 5.absorption; 6. appearance; 7. aqueous; 8. accuracy; 9. accurate; 10. therapeutic; 11. biological; 12. essential; 13. pregnancy; 14. dosage; 15. responsible; 16. specialist; 17. harmless
VII. Перепишите и переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая внимание на слова-заместители.
1. The liquid state of substance as well as the solid one depends upon the temperature and pressure.
2. The therapeutic effect lasts as long as the period of storage does.
3. Some physical properties of oxygen are the same as those of hydrogen.
4. Alexander Fleming made as much contribution to medicine as Lavoisier did to chemistry.
5. The pharmaceutical education in the Great Britain differs from that in Russia.
VIII. Выпишите из текста 1 предложение со сказуемым в Past Simple Active и 1 в Past Simple Passive. Подчеркните глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог; напишите форму инфинитива. Предложения переведите. (Образец выполнения 3)
IХ. Выберите правильный вариант ответа, обращая внимание на особенности перевода оборота there + be:
1. There ... no suitable conditions for studying these phenomena recently.
a) were b) was c) are
2. There ... homeopathic pharmacies with medicines of plant and animal origin soon.
a) are b) will be c) were
Контрольная предназначена для тех, кто учится в вузах. Данная контрольная по английскому языку достаточно проста.
