Контрольная по английскому ERNEST RUTHERFORD
Задание I.
Перепишите следующие предложения. Подчеркните и выпишите сказуемое. Определите время и залог сказуемого в предложениях. Переведите данные предложения на русский язык.
a) Present Indefinite
d) Present Continuous
g) Present Perfect
b) Past Indefinite
e) Past Continuous
h) Past Perfect
c) Future Indefinite
f) Future Continuous
i) Future Perfect
Soon you will be able to get there by plane as well as by sea.
A lot of various organizations have taken part in the design of the flood defense complex.
Radio is playing an ever increasing role in our life.
They reconstructed the plant three years ago.
In the first year the students are taught many important subjects.
They are also given to do laboratory work.
Задание II.
Перепишите и переведите предложения. Укажите, чем являются глагол to have или to be.
смысловым;
вспомогательным;
модальным;
глаголом-связкой.
Объясните, что он выражает.
The main task of the workers is to build this plant in time.
He had to take part in this work himself.
The hydro-engineering project is to be built in some years.
Our specialists have worked out a new experimental device.
Задание III.
Перепишите и переведите предложения. Помните что, придаточные предложения могут присоединяться к главному, как с помощью союзов, так и без них. Не забудьте, что в русском сложно – подчиненном предложении наличие союзов обязательно.
We know who took part in the design of the flood defense system.
Visitors always ask if the flood defense system will be put into operation in time.
It is known I.V.Kurchatov has educated numerous young scientists and engineers in the new field of science: nuclear physics.
We known his great ideas have become immortalized in the development of thermonuclear research in our country.
The new devices our laboratory is equipped with have been built at a large instrument building plant.
The experiment the engineer is asking about has not been carried out yet.
Задание IV.
Перепишите следующие предложения. Выпишите местоимение it. Объясните, что оно означает. Переведите данные предложения на русский язык.
Popov invented radio at the end of the last century. Now it is a widely used means of communication.
It was not easy to translate this article. It was necessary to use a dictionary.
It is a new subject; we shall study it for two years.
Задание V.
Перепишите следующие предложения. Подчеркните и выпишите причастие. Укажите его форму, объясните его функцию. Переведите данные предложения на русский язык.
Having left the evening school, he entered the Institute.
Using a dictionary, we can translate any technical article dealing with our profession.
The boiling water changes into steam.
I received the letter written by my friend.
Задание VI.
Перепишите следующие предложения. Подчеркните и выпишите инфинитив. Укажите его форму, объясните его функцию. Переведите данные предложения на русский язык.
То train highly qualified scientific workers is extremely important for the development of science.
The engineer must know the conditions under which the new material is to be utilized.
The engineer was asked to design a transistor device which will regulate the temperature in the laboratory.
To increase the productivity of the machine - tool one should know the characteristics of the material which is being machined.
Our plant produces automatic and semiautomatic machine - tools to be installed in the new large shops.
The famous scientist Lebedev was the first to solve the problem of synthetic rubber.
Задание VII.
Перепишите следующие предложения. Подчеркните и выпишите герундий. Укажите его форму, объясните его функцию. Переведите данные предложения на русский язык.
Solving such a problem is not an easy task.
The task of the factory was producing polymers in large quantities.
The idea of utilizing the energy of oceans and seas for man's needs is not new.
Without understanding the laws of mechanics it is difficult for the students to take part in research.
TEXT№2
ERNEST RUTHERFORD (1871-1937)
Ernest Rutherford was boom in New Zealand where he lived up to 1895. At the age of 19 after finishing school he entered the only New ZealandUniversity founded in 1870. At that time there were only 150 students and 7 professors there. At the university Ernest took great interest in physics and developed a magnetic detector of radio waves. However, he was absolutely uninterested in the practical applications of his discoveries. In 1895 Rutherford went to Cambridge where he continued research under Thomson (1856-1940), the outstanding English physicist. There Rutherford studied the processes of ionization in gases and took great interest in radioactivity opened by Becquerel (1852-1908), a world-known French physicist. About ten years Ernest Rutherford lived and worked in Canada. Later he lectured in leading universities in the USA and England from 1907 till 1919.Rutherford's famous work «The Scattering of Alpha and Beta Particles of Matter and the Structure of the Atom» dealt with so-called "atom models". All main Rutherford's works deal with the nuclear atom. The splitting of the atom has opened to man a new and enormous source of energy. The most important results have been obtained by splitting the atom of uranium. For working out the theory of radioactive disintegration of elements, for determining the nature of alpha particles, for developing the nuclear atom, Rutherford was awarded the 1908 Nobel Prize in chemistry. Rutherford created a school of talented physicists in the field of atomic research. Soviet scientists P. Kapitza and Y. Kcharitonov were among his pupils. E. Rutherford died in 1937 at the age of 66.
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