Контрольная работа ERNST MACH (1838 – 1916)
I. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения. Определите, какой частью речи являются слова с окончанием “S”:
а) показателем 3-го лица ед.ч. глагола в Present Simple;
б) признаком мн. ч. имени сущ.
в) показателем притяжательного падежа имени сущ.
1. This teacher lectures on physics.
2. His lectures are of great help to us.
3. This city’s art museum enjoys great popularity.
4. The City is London’s financial and commercial heartland.
II. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения, содержащие определения, выраженные сущ.
1. London is the nation’s capital and government services are also an important sector.
2. Tower Bridge is the most famous and distinctive bridge in London.
3. There are many picture galleries and museums in London.
III. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения, содержащие различные виды сравнения.
1. The Volga is much longer than the Thames.
2. The second text is as difficult as the first one.
3. This town is not as large as that one.
4. The more exercises we do, the better we understand grammar rules.
IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения, обращая внимание на неопределенные местоимения.
1. Our country is very large; no one country is equal to it in size.
2. Do you go anywhere this morning?
3. Any student translates this text without a dictionary.
4. Some 20 students took part in sport competition.
V. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения. Определите видовременную форму глагола (время и залог).
1. Neither my friend nor I translated this text.
2. The delegation of this republic took an active part in the conference.
3. London lies on either side of the River Thames.
4. A light in the tower shows when the House of Commons is in session.
VI. Прочтите и устно переведите с 1-го по 5-й абзацы текста. Перепишите и письменно переведите 1, 2 и 4-й абзацы текста.
LONDON
1. London is the capital of the United Kingdom of Great Britain. It lies on either side of the River Thames. The population of London is 6,904,600; the area is 1,579 sq. km. London is more than two thousand years old. It is the United Kingdom’s main center of population, commerce and culture and the largest port in England.
2. There are many places of interest in London. One of them is Trafalgar Square with Nelson’s monument 145 feet high. The Houses of Parliament, built in 1840 on the site of a former royal palace, are steeped in pomp and tradition, ceremony and splendor. Tourism and retail trade are among the major sectors of the city’s economy. And, because London is the nation’s capital, government services are also an important sector.
3. Buckingham Palace is the Royal Residence; it is the London home of the Queen. When the flag is flying on the top she is at home. Now Buckingham Palace is the Royal Residence of the Head of State – Queen Elizabeth II.
4. London is known all over the world for its green parks. The most celebrated parklands are the six royal parks that sweep through London’s West End. Hyde Park is the most popular. It is the largest park in London as well as one of the royal parks.
5. London is the center of the country’s cultural life. There are many picture galleries and museums here. The National Gallery and the others house a priceless collection of paintings. Founded in 1735, the British Museum is a treasure house of the works of man from prehistoric times to the present day. There are important displays of antiquities from Egypt, Western Asia, Greece, Rome and the East.
I. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения. Определите видовременную форму и залог сказуемого.
а) Действительный залог
1. The use of metals is based upon their physical or chemical properties.
2. There are many properties that man has found useful in his application of electromagnetic waves.
3. The flow of electrons in one direction results in an electric current.
4. The energy sources of the world are decreasing while the energy needs of the world are increasing.
б) Страдательный залог
1. The isotopes of the element hydrogen were given individual names.
2. Electronics is usually thought of as that part of electricity which deals with vacuum tubes and transistors.
3. The behaviour of metals is greatly affected by the changes in temperature.
II. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения. Определите функции причастий (Participle I, Participle II ).
1. The Celsius scale (шкала Цельсия) is the scale used in most scientific experiments.
2. When heated to a certain temperature, water increases in volume.
3. The motion of the boiling water is caused by the bubbles of vapour rising through the water.
4. While testing the operation of the system engineers used different kinds of equipment.
III. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения с модальными глаголами и их эквивалентами.
1. Artificial light can be produced in several ways.
2. This process may be affected by other factors.
3. You will be able to explain the disagreement between these results.
4. Much fuel must always produce much heat.
5. The old machines in this shop are to be replaced by next year.
6. The defects in this metal construction had to be detected by means of X-ray examination.
IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите 1, 2 и 3-й абзацы текста.
ERNST MACH (1838 – 1916)
1. Ernst Mach, an outstanding Austrian physicist, was born on the 18th of February, 1838 in Turas, Moravia (now Czech Republic). He was the son of a schoolteacher who moved with his family to Vienna while Ernst was still a baby. His training was in physics, and he obtained his doctor’s degree in that subject at the University of Vienna in 1895.
2. However, he was strongly influenced by psychophysics and became a philosopher of science. He elaborated the notion that all knowledge was a matter of sensation. Mach’s philosophy was not greeted with any enthusiasm in his time. More than thirty years later Mach’s idealistic theory was analyzed and criticized.
3. Mach is best known now for his experiments on airflow, in which he was the first to take note of the sudden change in the nature of the airflow over a moving object as it reaches the speed of sound. Consequently, the speed of sound in air, under given conditions of temperature is called Mach 1. Twice the speed of sound is Mach 2, and so on. After the war, planes approached the speed of sound (740 miles an hour) or Mach 1. In the age of supersonic air travel, Mach numbers (a phrase first used in 1925) fill the public prints.
4. Ernst Mach died in Germany, on the 19th February, 1916.
Здесь вы найдете две контрольные. В контрольные входят английские тексты LONDON и ERNST MACH (1838 – 1916). Контрольные по английскому содержат множество заданий, включая перевод текстов.
Задания также требуют перевести предложения с английского на русский. Вы без особого труда сможете выполнить перевод предложений. Предложения довольно простые для перевода.
