Land law in Britain
Task 1. Руководствуясь правилами чтения гласных под ударением, расположите приведенные ниже слова в соответствующих полях таблицы, укажите транскрипцию и дайте перевод на русский язык:
Pyre, name:, turn, desire, Pete, Bert, lure, tune, mere, like, store, stop, hope, type, hare, flag, myrrh, pet, sir, bus, part, Syd, sport, pin.
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Task 2. Руководствуясь правилами чтения буквы С c в разных буквосочетаниях, разместите следующие слова в соответствующих полях таблицы, укажите транскрипцию и дайте перевод на русский язык:
Social, criminal, civil, case, delicious, chess, nice, chair.
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Task 3. Заполните пропуски соответствующими местоимениями. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. I don’t like ... apples.
a) this h) that с) these d) there
2. This is not my pen. It’s ....
a) your b) yours c) you d) mine
3. She washed....
a) myself b) himself c) hers d) herself
4. I finished ... drawing.
a) I b) me’s c) my d) me
5. Tell him to call....
a) mine b) me c) my d) I
Task 4. Заполните пропуски нужными формами. Переведите получившиеся предложения на русский язык.
1. ... a chair at the table.
a) There are b) There is c) It is d) Is there
2. ... flowers and a box of chocolates on the table.
a) Are there b) There is c) They have d) There are
3. There... a meeting at the institute tomorrow.
a) was b) is c) will be d) shall be
4. How many books ... on the shelf?
a) are there b) were c) there are d) is there
5. ... no money in my pocket.
a) There are b) It is c) There is d) Is there
Task 5. Письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, определите в каждом из них время и залог глагола-сказуемого:
1. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a constitutional monarchy, the power of Queen Elizabeth is not absolute, and it is limited by Parliament.
2. When a bill is passed by Parliament and signed by the King or Queen it becomes a law.
3. More than two thousand years ago a settlement on the north bank of the Thames was established by Britons.
4. Elections have been the usual mechanism by which representative democracy has operated since the 17 century.
5. Our position on Syria conflict is being badly supported in the world.
Task 6. Соедините по смыслу слова и переведите полученные словосочетания на русский язык:
General Council, liberty, treaty, legislation, of the Bar, judicial, of conscience, of limits, house, Court
Task 7. Письменно переведите предложения на русский язык, имея в виду различные значения глаголов to be, to have, to do.
1. The purpose of the elections is to choose an individual to hold public office.
2. Laws tell people what they have to do and what they must not do.
3. The prosecutor listened to the accused attentively and so did the lawyer.
4. Does the electorate generally include the entire population?
5. The study and practice of the punishment of crimes is called penology, or, often in modem texts, correction.
Task 8. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, определите время и вид подчеркнутых глаголов-сказуемых
1. The civil law affects us all in many different ways every day of our lives.
2. Another salient feature of the English system is the doctrine of the binding case.
3. The judge then issued a bench warrant to the sheriff for arrest of a defendant.
4. The Consultant will not undertake any additional activities.
5. The defense counsel was assisting the suspect in gathering exonerating evidence.
Task 9. Переведите предложения на русский язык, подчеркните модальные глаголы или их эквиваленты.
1. All law may be broken into Criminal Law and Civil Law.
2. U.S. President has a veto check on legislature; Congress can override the veto with 2\3 majority.
3. If a person is taken into custody without a court order, the police may only hold him for 72 hours.
4. Insanity of the person who committed the crime can be a defense, if the one could not understand the difference between right and wrong.
5. To start a civil case, a pleading must be filed with the court.
Task 10. Сгруппируйте данные ниже слова но частям речи (существительные, прилагательные, наречия), переведите их на русский язык:
conviction, plaintiff, unlawfully, indictable, criminal, similarly, investigation, guilty, sentence, unanimous
Task 11. Заполните пропуски подходящими по смыслу словами и переведите предложения на русский язык:
1... is a person against whom court proceedings are brought.
a. plaintiff b. defendant c. felony d. criminal
2. The judge issues a bench warrant to the sheriff ... arrest of defendant.
a. for b. between c. with d. against
3. The policeman ... him for parking his car in «no parking area».
a. arrested b. fined c. killed d. wounded
4. A witness was invited to ... evidences in the trial.
a. read b. show c. tell d. give
5. The court gives ... to a person who has committed a crime.
a. relief b. punishment c. imprisonment d. remedy.
Task 12. Переведите текст на русский язык письменно, обратите внимание на перевод выделенных слов и выражений.
Land Law in Britain.
Land law is a fascinating and challenging subject for land is vital for human life. In any society the use of land is of the utmost importance. Land law is about how people share land and it is made up of rules in statutes and cases; case law rules are divided into legal and equitable rules. Most land law statutes in Britain are dated 1925. The aim of the 1925 legislation was to make buying and selling land simpler to revive the depressed market in land. "Land” means the physical land and fixtures and includes any interest in land. It can be used by a number of people in different ways: one can invest money in a plot, while two or more live there.
Land can be shared consecutively people can enjoy the land one after another. Each society develops its own attitude to land. These attitudes are coloured by the kind of land (for example, desert or jungle) because this determines the uses of it. In early English land law, the fundamental concept was “seisin”. Then the concepts of ownership and possession took over. British land law has been developing alongside the growth of capitalism and city-living. More recently there has been an enormous increase in the ownership of land by ordinary people. In the 1960s and 70s there were booming prices in most areas of the country and a greater interest in the security of “non-owners’". The falling market of the early 1990s produced the situation favorable for the building societies and banks.
Задания к тексту:
Найдите в тексте и напишите английские эквиваленты данных словосочетаний.
1. Правовые нормы
2. Прецедентное право
3. Право в недвижимости
4. Принцип права неограниченного обладания землей
5. Законодательство
Ответьте письменно на вопросы.
1. What are the rules Land law is made of?
2. What is the aim of the 1925 legislation?
Составьте 5 типов вопросов к предложению:
Land law is a fascinating and challenging subject for land is vital for human life.
Task 13. Прочитайте текст и расскажите о юридических профессиях в Великобритании.
There are about 66,000 practicing solicitors and over 8,000 practicing barristers in England and Wales. Solicitors and barristers work together on cases but the solicitor is the first point of contact with the law for a client in the UK. The solicitor listens carefully to the client and then explains the legal position and gives advice. Barristers will only see the client in the company of a solicitor who prepares all the documents relevant to the case which will be examined by the barrister. The barrister is a specialist in advocacy and he has the right of audience. There are only a few solicitors who are allowed to present cases in the higher courts. Barristers are self-employed (зд. иметь частную практику) in the independent Bar (коллегия адвокатов). Solicitors normally get salaries but sometimes they can get extra money in the profits if they are successful. There are also 2000 barristers working as in-house lawyers. Judges in England and Wales have been barristers for not less than 10 years. Since judges are appointed, they can’t work as barristers. Solicitors do a lot of work - property, private law, banking, finance, employment law and environmental law.
Контрольная довольна большая. Контрольная имеет средний уровень сложности. В принципе эту контрольную работу может с успехом выполнить любой человек, изучающий английский язык. Необходимо просто повторить грамматику и лексику.
