Mikhalkov
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА 7.
Упражнение 1. Переведите на русский язык предложения 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 11, 13, 14 из Задания 2 данного блока.
Упражнение 2. Опираясь на суффиксы, характерные для различных частей речи, выпишите из TEXT А по 10 существительных, прилагательных, глаголов и наречий, отметьте их суффиксы. Упражнение 3. Выпишите из TEXT А все кинотермины и переведите их на русский язык.
Упражнение 4. Выпишите из TEXT А 10 интернациональных слов и переведите их на русский язык, не обращаясь к словарю.
Упражнение 5. Прочитайте ТЕКСТ А и переведите его письменно на русский язык.
Упражнение 6. Повторив функции причастия, выпишите из TEXT А 3 предложения с Participle II (причастием II) в функции определения. Подчеркните причастие.
Упражнение 7. Выпишите из TEXT А все предложения с модальными глаголами, подчеркните модальные глаголы.
Упражнение 8. Выполните письменно Задание 4 данного блока. Упражнение 9. Переведите на английский язык все предложения из Задания 5 данного блока.
Упражнение 10. Прочитайте TEXT В и переведите его письменно на русский язык.
Упражнение 11. Выполните письменно Задание 8 Блока VII. Упражнение 12. Выполните письменно Задание 9 Блока VII. Упражнение 13. Выполните письменно Задание 10 Блока VII. Упражнение 14. Выполните письменно Задание 11 Блока VII. Упражнение
15. Напишите реферат статьи “I took a different kind of path” (TEXT С).
Упражнение 16. Напишите аннотацию к той же статье.
Упражнение 17. Выпишите из TEXT С все предложения с согласованием времен, подчеркните сказуемые главного и придаточного предложений и переведите их на русский язык.
Упражнение 1
ЗАДАНИЕ 2.
Переведите следующие предложения из TEXT А на русский язык. (Помните, что в русском языке правила согласования времен не существует, поэтому придаточное предложение переводится на русский язык обычным прошедшим, настоящим или будущим временем.)
1. While the Oscar for “Burnt by the Sun” confirmed the status of Nikita Mikhalkov among international audiences, his reputation as the leading figure in post Soviet-Russian cinema had long been established, as both an actor and a director.
3. He had already appeared as an actor in over 20 films by the time he made his directoral debut in 1974 with “At Home Among Strangers”.
4. American critics said that the film had virtues and faults of the initial pic, but they noted “a filmic temperament and a new director to watch”
5. While the film was widely praised, especially for its script, some critics wondered whether Mikhalkov was ignoring contemporary social problems by making a period drama.
8. Mikhalkov argued that a man who slept harmed nobody and we could never know what his dreams would lead to.
11. Mikhalkov thought that it would be warm enough, but the weather changed and there was a heavy snowfall.
13. He thought his daughter would feel well at ease when he was near her.
14. Mikhalkov recalled that she was the only person of the crew he had no problem with.
Упражнение 2
Существительные:
Наречия:
Прилагательные:
Упражнение 3
кинотермины
Упражнение 4
10 интернациональных слов
Упражнение 5
перевести текст
ЗАДАНИЕ 3.
TEXT A
Mikhalkov: the master at work
While the Oscar for “Burnt by the Sun” confirmed the status of Nikita Mikhalkov among international audiences, his reputation as the leading figure in post Soviet-Russian cinema had long been established, as both an actor and a director.
Mikhalkov was born into a family where art was both a vocation and an avocation. His father is a poet, prose-writer and dramatist Sergei Mikhalkov. His mother, the poetess Natalya Konchalovskaya, wrote many popular books. His grandfather was the distinguished Soviet painter Pyotr Konchalovsky, and his great-grand-father was the famous Russian painter Vasily Surikov. So it was natural that Nikita Mikhalkov was brought up in the atmosphere of arts.
He studied acting at the children’s studio of the Stanislavsky Theatre and at the Schukin School of the Vakhtangov Theatre before following his brother Andrei Mikhalkov-Konchalovsky into VGIK, the state film school in Moscow. He had already appeared as an actor in over 20 films by the time he made his directoral debut in 1974 with “At Home Among Strangers”.
American critics said that the film had virtues and faults of the initial pic, but they noted “a filmic temperament and a new director to watch”.
Mikhalkov’s second film “A Slave of Love” was made in 1976. It was a critical success abroad and had some Chekhovian qualities. His next film “An Unfinished Piece for Mechanical Piano” was not just Chekhovian, it was the real thing, an adaptation by Mikhalkov and his regular co-screen-writer Alexander Adabashian of the early Chekhov’s play “Platonov”.
While the film was widely praised, especially for its script, some critics wondered whether Mikhalkov was ignoring contemporary social problems by making a period drama. But he pointed out that a contemporary film should not necessarily be made in a present-day costume.
“Five Evenings” was another period film made in 1980 but featuring sunny black and white images of Moscow in 1956, just prior to Premier Khrushchov’s policy of peaceful co-existence with the West. The film followed a man and a woman (Liubshin and Gurchenko) who had parted 15 years before when they were engaged to be married. The film was made in three months and shot in 26 days to keep the crew busy during a break in the filming of “Several Days in the Life of Oblomov”, Mikhalkov and Adabashian’s adaptation of Goncharov’s massive satire on the 19-th century Russian aristocracy.
Mikhalkov’s sympathetic depiction of Oblomov’s idle lifestyle, thanks to Oleg Tabakov’s brilliant performance, as well as Lebeshev’s professional photography, ran against the predominant Marxist interpretation. But Mikhalkov argued that a man who slept harmed nobody and we could never know what his dreams would lead to.
“Relatives”, made in 1981 from an original script by Victor Merezhko, featured Nonna Mordukova as a kind provincial woman who had arrived in Moscow to solve her daughter’s problems. As the film critic Clare Kitson said, the film had shown genuine Russian warmth and emotion and indicated one more side of the bright Mikhalkov’s talent.
The intimate interpersonal drama of “Five Evenings” was to some extent reprised in 1983’s «No Witnesses» where Mikhail Ulyanov and Irena Kupchenko had a highly professional stardom.
“Black Eyes”, based on short stories by Chekhov with Marcello Mastroianni, playing the leading part, showed Mikhalkov as a director in full control of his resources.
“Urga”, filmed in 1991 on the steppes of Mongolia, was both a celebration of the vanishing world of the Mongolians and an investigation of post Soviet-Russian illness. “Urga”’s emphasis on cultural identity, history and memory was characteristic of this film.
“Burnt by the Sun”, released in 1994, was shot in September 1993 in Nizhniy Novgorod. Mikhalkov thought that it would be warm enough, but the weather changed and there was a heavy snowfall. The problem was that the action of the film had to take place on a hot summer day in a country house not far from Moscow. The result of the crew work seemed fantastic. They made 150 thousand artificial tree leaves and ad¬justed them to the trees around in one night. The director of photogra¬phy managed to light the sets in such a way that the spectators could see the sun shining behind the windows of the country house while in reality it was gloomy and snowy there. It was really difficult not to shoot exhalation when the actors started to say their lines. The crew was working 18 hours a day. The Oscar Award for the best international film showed the result of good team work.
Special attention was paid to the debut of little Nadya Mikhalkova. It was thanks to her that her father played the leading part in his own film. He thought his daughter would feel well at ease when he was near her. Mikhalkov recalled that she was the only person of the crew he had no problem with. The success of “Burnt by the Sun” opened up many possibilities for Mikhalkov.
This film was followed by his debut in documentaries. He shot “Anna 6-18” in 1994. Since 1980 till 1992 he had been shooting his elder daughter Anna answering every year the same 5 questions: “What do you like?”; “What don’t you like?”; “What would you like?”; “What are you afraid of?” ; “What is going on ?” The girl and her answers were shot but at first it was just a kind of family chronicles which you could see in any other family. There was the only difference, it was shot by Nikita Mikhalkov. It turned out to be a film not just about a girl and the process of her growing up, but it was the film about the influence of a totalitarian state on the mentality of a young person, its ego. Anna was quite frank while answering the father’s questions. There was only one question in response to which she showed some confusion. It was the question: “What don’t you like?” The problem was that she hated to sit with her younger sister Nadya, but she was ashamed to tell it to her father. Now Anna is adult, she entered VGIK and played the leading part in Balayan’s film “The First Love”.
Whatever Mikhalkov does next, it is no 'longer just audiences in Rus¬sia who will be eagerly waiting for it.
(Nick Thomas. “Moving Pictures” 17 July 1995)
Упражнение 6
3 предложения с participle II в функции определения
Упражнение 7
предложения с модальными глаголами
Упражнение 8
ЗАДАНИЕ 4.
Вчера Вы встретили одного известного режиссера, который рассказал Вам о съемках своего нового фильма. Напишите небольшую заметку о нем на основании полученной информации, используя только косвенную речь. В скобках приведено начало каждого предложения. Не забудьте, что инфинитив при согласовании времен не меняется и остается инфинитивом.
1. I am planning to shoot my 10th film now. (The film director said...)
2. It will be a love-story. (He decided...)
3. The genre of the film is melodrama. (He was sure...)
4. The action of the film takes place in St. Petersburg at the end of the 19th century. (He told me...)
5. The preparation period will start next month. (They agreed...)
6. As for the shooting, it will start at the end of December and will last till March. (He said...)
7. Casting is very important in such a film. (Everybody knew...)
8. The leading actor must sing, dance, ride a horse and fence. (The film director was sure...)
9. The leading part will be played by O. Menshikov. (He hoped...)
10. This actor can do everything, because he is highly professional. (He said...)
11. He has already played a lot of roles. (The director knew...)
12. Every film with his participation was a success. (He told me...)
13. I spoke to him yesterday about my new film. (He said...)
14. He wants to read the script. (He answered...)
15. He needs two weeks to agree or disagree. (He answered...)
16. I want some young and unknown actress to play the leading female part. (The film director told the crew...)
17. I have already asked my assistant to go to VGIK and some theatre schools and to look for a promising young actress. (He said...)
18. I hope my new film will be a success. (He was sure...)
Упражнение 9
ЗАДАНИЕ 5.
Переведите на английский язык следующие предложения:
1. Он сказал, что новый фильм этого режиссера будет иметь успех.
2. Мы знали, что он будет снимать этот фильм в следующем году.
3. Он сказал, что этот молодой актер сыграл уже в 15 фильмах.
4. Все знали, что съемки фильма уже закончились.
5. Он был уверен, что он может снять комедию.
6. Актер был уверен, что зрители увидят фильм с его участием.
7. Режиссер надеялся, что подготовительный период начнется очень скоро.
8. Преподаватель сказал мне, что я знаю правило согласования времен.
Упражнение 10
ЗАДАНИЕ 7.
Прочитайте TEXT В, переведите его на русский язык и будьте готовы выполнить лексические упражнения,
TEXT В
When there’s hope there’s life
Production: Return to State Financing
New life started in Russian film industry after director Nikita Mikhalkov won the Academy Award for his film “Burnt by the Sun” earlier this year.
Compared to the early 90s, modern films seem to be much more dynamic and better edited. They are in better colours, since three out of five are now shot on Kodak film. Some of them are even in Dolby- Stereo.
Economic crisis and great inflation helped skyrocket production costs which now near or even surpass the Hollywood rates. Moscow- based director Karen Shaknazarov shot and finished his 10th feature “American Daughter”, within 12 weeks, “mainly because it was faster and less expensive in the USA’. Another 10 of the 1995 titles were in post-production at the Prague-based Barrandov studios, as well as at other East European studios.
Private financing no longer prevails in domestic production: it has become almost impossible to expect revenue from domestic distribution. In 1994, Roskomkino, the State Committee for Cinematography, no longer an ideologically motivated source of financing, backed 37 out of 72 titles.
Distribution: the Switch to New Markets
The crisis in the theatrical market has made several distributors shift to television and video. Julia Fillipelli, who this February opened the Moscow based branch of SACIS, said that she had to restructure the company’s catalogue to meet the needs of television buyers who re¬quire sitcoms and mini-series instead of detective and historic films.
In March, Russia joined the Bern Convention, which recognises copyright for foreign artists. A few months earlier, two well-known Russian distributors publicly had declared their dissociation with video pirates to legally release their titles on video.
Only recently has the new market of compact discs and CD- ROMs, mainly dominated by pirated laserdisks, been successful, tapped by a soundtrack of the domestic musical film “Zona Lyube”.
Exhibition: Lots of Empty Seats
As television and video have become predominant in the average Russian household, people have quickly changed their cinema-going habits. High ticket prices, lack of comfort in theatres and a growing crime rate have lead to a critical situation for Russian exhibitors: only four to seven tickets are sold out of each 100.
An even more absurd situation happened to Moscow’s Rossiya, with its 2.500 seats the largest cinema in former USSR. “I have to pay one more very special tax”, says its general manager. “Each month another Rbl 5.000.000 (approximately US $ 1.000) goes straight to the Russian government for the use of the name “Rossiya” (“Russia”)”.
The number of screenings is reduced to an absolute minimum. A few years ago, movie houses were always crowded. Now screenings often only start when at least four or five tickets are sold. Most of that income covers the basic costs.
Many loss-making theatres were recently closed. For those still existing, the magic word “sponsor” is the only solution. The administra¬tion of Rossiya has joined forces with Russian-Polish company Karo to open a night bar and casino in its smaller 150-seater. This fall, an Irish company will change the interior and install new Dolby-Stereo equipment.
In smaller theatres, foyers have been opened for imported car sales or gift shops. A new generation of entrepreneurs rent spacious offices in certain theatres.
(“Moving Pictures” 17 July 1995)
Упражнение 11. Выполните письменно Задание 8 Блока VII.
ЗАДАНИЕ 8.
Подберите к выделенным словам слова, наиболее близкие по значению:
1. leading a) minor b) main с) professional d) artistic
2. screenwriter a) prose-writer b) dramatist c) playwright d) script-writer
3. to sky-rocket a) to reduce b) to shift c) to increase d) to require
4. to back a) to support b) to install c) to help d) to edit
5. to prevail a) to win b) to surpass c) to require d)to dominate
6. to require a) to need b) to demand c) to shoot d) to perform
7. to be crowded a) to be glad b) to be angry c) to be full d) to be hungry
8. to join forces a) to lack b) to unite c) to remain d) to communicate
9. a solution a) a way out b) a pic p) a decision d) a rate
10. a fall a) an autumn b) a spring c) an end d) a weekend
11. a screening a) a screen b) a show c) a script d) a screen debut
12. equipment a) technique b) movement c) exhibitin d) habits
Упражнение 12. Выполните письменно Задание 9 Блока VII.
ЗАДАНИЕ 9.
Выберите антонимы к следующим словам и словосочетаниям:
1. a period drama a) a famous drama b) a present-day drama с) a drama pic
2. to skyrocket a) to decrease b) to stop c) to increase
3. expensive a) costly b) rich c) cheap
4. domestic a) home b) foreign c) theatrical
5. a sitcom a) mini-series b) a soap-opera c) a sit-tragedy
6. to lack smth. a) to have smth. b) to ignore smth. c ) to join smth.
7. growing a) remaining b) decreasing c) screening
8. loss-making a) winning b) installing c)supporting
9. to rent a) to recognise b) to require c) to let
Упражнение 13. Выполните письменно Задание 10 Блока VII.
ЗАДАНИЕ 10.
Укажите по одному лишнему слову, не относящемуся к данной тематической группе:
1. audiences a) spectators b) costs с) viewers d) the public
2. established a) distinguished b) famous c) well known d) skillful
3. a film a) a picture b) a movie c) a pic d) a cinema
Каждое из данных слов можно перевести на русский язык словом «фильм»
4. performance a) acting b) stardom c) direction d) presentation
5. a feature a) a cartoon b) a market c) a commercial d) a documentary
6. a title a) a star b) a name c) a pic d) a film
7. exhibition a) promotion b) solution ) c) distribution d) production
8. excellent a) satisfactory b) good c) bad d) marvellous
9. the grosses a) income b) revenue c) household d) profit
10. a seater a) a theatre b) a hall c) a cinema d) a lack
11. spacious a) vast b) large с) expensive d) small
12. production a) co-production b) reproduction c) pre-production d) post- production
Упражнение 14. Выполните письменно Задание 11 Блока VII.
ЗАДАНИЕ 11.
Перепишите предложения, вставляя пропущенные слова.
1. Compared to the early 90s, modern films seem to be much more dynamic and better _. 2. The crisis in the _ has made several distribu¬tors _ television and video. 3. Great inflation helped _ production costs which now even _ the Hollywood rates. 4. Karen Shaknazarov shot and finished his __ “American Daughter” within 12 weeks, because it was faster and less _ in the USA. 5. It has become almost impossible to expect __from _. 6. Julia Fillipelli opened the Moscow-based )_of SACIS. 7. Television and video have become predominant in the average Russian _. 8. People in Russia have quickly changed their _. 9. Out of 1.900 Russian theatres, only a handful of _ are profitable. 10. State subsidies _and there’s no state support left for the _ of films. 11. Cinema _ like normal businesses and they have to pay 30% of _. The number of _ is reduced to an absolute minimum. 13. Many _ theatres were recently closed.
Пропущенные слова: theatrical market, were cancelled, revenue, promotion, cinema-going habits, shift to, loss-making, branch, edited, are taxed, screenings, surpass, screens, skyrocket, feature, domestic distri¬bution, the grosses, household, expensive.
Упражнение 15
Написать реферат статьи “I took a different kind of path”
ЗАДАНИЕ 12.
Прочитайте TEXT С и будьте готовы отвечать на вопросы.
TEXT С I took a different kind of path
“I don’t think I am the movie star or sex symbol or enigma that peo¬ple sometimes say I am”, Steven Seagal said. “You can take away the money and the fame. My life doesn’t depend on it. Acting is a path I chose in my childhood. I could walk away from Hollywood tomorrow and not look back.”
I spoke with Steven Seagal, 42, at the Warner Bros, headquarters in Burbank, Calif., where his production company, Steamroller, is based. His office is small with two chairs and a modest desk. Seagal had come here to do post-production work on the movie “On Deadly Ground”, co- starring Michael Caine. It is his sixth feature film and the first in which he does not only star but also produces and directs.
Seagal’s first three films alone earned more than $200 million. Along with Arnold Schwarzenegger and Tom Cruise, Seagal is one of the three biggest box-office stars in the world - something he feels embarrassed about. It is because, he said/ his journey is about something quite different than movie stardom.
I wondered what that journey was and how it had brought him to this place.
In person, Seagal is impressive. He is big - 6 feet 4 and 200 pounds. He wears black clothes, jewellery and black boots. I was greatly sur¬prised by the gentleness of this big man so I asked him about his childhood.
“I was brought up in an old-fashioned way. We had family ethics, morals and religion. I was raised as a Christian. I was taught that a man was nothing without honour,” Steven Seagal recalls.
He was born in Lansing, Mich., and he had three sisters. When he was 5, his family moved to California, where his mother worked as a medical technician and his father taught high school maths. Seagal was a shy boy, a loner. As a child he always wanted to win his father’s ap¬proval.
“I was his only son,” Seagal said, “and words cannot describe the great love and respect I had for my father. He was a quiet man, and when he said something you listened. It was very hard to my father to show his love, but I always knew he loved me. My father died about a year and a half ago. When he was dying he told me over and over again how proud he was of me and that made me happy. I miss him very much.”
When Seagal was 7, he became interested in the martial arts. He discovered a Japanese dojo, a martial-arts school, in nearby Garden Grove. There he began studying aikido, considered the most difficult and spiritual of the Japanese martial-arts disciplines. It would change his life.
“My father was a Japanophile,” he recalled. “I was iucky in the sense that I was introduced to Zen thought in my early childhood and was taught that bigger is not necessarily better, louder is not necessarily better. From an early age, I really started trying to learn about mysticism, religion, philosophy, medicine. I had a very good teacher, an old Japanese man. This way I was looking for some different better path.”
In 1971, at 19, Seagal left for Japan.“I was on a journey toward self- knowledge and toward God,” he said. “One day I just decided I wanted to go there and study with the masters.”
He studied Zen, Buddhism and aikido. In 1975 Seagal married the daughter of his aikido master. They had 2 children but the marriage was unhappy. Some of his teachers said that he should go abroad and teach people some of the things he had learned in Japan. “Why not go home and see how it goes?” he thought. While still in Japan, he met the actress-model Kelly LeBrock, now 34.
They returned to the US in 1985 and Steven opened his own martial- arts school. He attracted many famous students from Hollywood, in¬cluding Sean Connery and James Cobum. He was happy both in his work and his family life. Kelly and he got married and today they have 3 children.
Seagal fell into the role of movie star quite by accident. Michael Ovitz, generally considered the most powerful man in Hollywood, asked Seagal to organise a martial-arts demonstration for Terry Semel, presi¬dent of Warner Bros., and some others. As a result Ovitz asked Seagal to do a screen test. “Then they gave me five screen-plays and said, “Pick one,”” he recalled. “I picked one, chose a writer, and they made it for $7 million.”
The film was “Above the Law”(1988). It grossed more than $20 mil¬lion and made Seagal a star. He went on to make “Hard to Kill”, co-starring LeBrock.
“Marked for Death”(1990) was another popular action film with his participation. In 1992 he played the main role in “Under Siege”, his biggest box-office hit up to date.
I asked if he had been scared when offered his first starring role. He answered he had not been afraid at all, because he had not understood what popularity it would bring to him.
He is sure that his films are so popular because a lot of people are really optimistic. They see good triumph over evil, and that is very important to people lacking justice. “Even if it’s only a movie, they see the justice they desire so much”.
This spring the Seagals plan to move to a 180-acre ranch in Montana. “I want my kids to grow up around nice people where it’s safe. It’s an honest place with the values I learnt as a boy.”
Earlier he had spoken to me of a journey he had begun as a boy - a journey to knowledge of God and self. Was it finally completed?
“It can never be completed,” he answered. “We are always trying to know ourselves, to become better human beings, to help others more. Once begun, it never ends. I’m a lucky man but I don’t take what I have for granted. I’m very thankful.”
(Dotson Rader. Parade Magazine. April 17, 1994)
Упражнение 16
Упражнение 17
Контрольная большая. Контрольная создана для тех, кто изучает кинематограф.
