Контрольная MIXED ECONOMIES
Выполните письменную контрольную работу по следующим вопросам:
1. Перепишите предложения, вставляя неопределенные местоимения some, any, no и их производные (something, anything, nothing, somebody, anybody, nobody, somewhere, anywhere, nowhere). Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. If you need a real specialist, I could advise you ... who will help you.
2. Are you going ... today? - No, I am staying at the office. I have an appointment with our partner.
3. My Sales Director wants me to make out ... new samples of commercials.
4. Sorry, but have you taken ... documents out of my brief-case? I cannot find our contract … .
5. We've achieved good results by using ... of your cultivation and planting machinery.
6. We may carry your goods ... you like, but do not hope for … here.
2. Перепишите предложения, заполняя пропуски необходимыми предлогами. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. They should better guide their resources ... production … these goods.
2. Most of our staff will be involved ... the organization ... the exhibition.
3. Consumers are willing to spend more ... products and services which are … best quality and … extreme demand … the farm market.
4. Firms tend to be highly competitive ... such environment, and amounts ... output are increasing rapidly.
6. Our Personnel Manager is … …. office now, so he will discuss this problem ... you … next time.
3. Перепишите предложения, заполняя пропуски подходящими по смыслу местоимениями. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. That was … good idea to improve … beef and dairy market position in Britain.
2. … suppose … could benefit much more by using … cheaper cloth conveyer.
3. … have lost … business reputation in Western Europe through … shady transactions.
4. … share dividends are considerably higher than my … ! … is not fair!
5. … congratulated … on … good timber and cereals bargains in Chicago.
6. We were foolish enough to confide in … , so they let … down with … mercy.
4. Перепишите предложения, вставляя соответствующие формы глаголов to have u to be. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. This economical model can ... used to predict the future of our company.
2. They ... already sent us five letters, so we ... to answer them as soon as possible.
3. ... he in the office now? I … to discuss the question with him right away.
4. I ... making a new construction project for this building. Could you … of any help for me?
5. This contract variant ... rather good. ... you made it yourselves?
6. We didn't ... much in common, so my partner ... to leave our company.
5. Переведите предложения на русский язык (письменно). Поставьте вопросы к выделенным частям этих предложений (письменно).
1. This fertilizer producing firm experiences high sales in Northern America.
2. Farm youth unemployment figures have been constantly rising since 1959.
3. They have paid a lot of money for that crop-harvesting combine and the auxiliary machinery for it.
4. Our management promised to increase salaries and wages as soon as possible.
5. The key industries of this state are ship-building and sheep-raising.
6. The main oil-producing nations are mostly located in the Middle East.
6. Перепишите текст, дополняя его словами под чертой. Переведите текст на русский язык.
There are also … . Some goods … underpurchased if the … did not provide free … or supplies. Examples of this type of … and service are … and education. There are other goods and … , such as defense and policing, that are impossible to be … individually in response to … spending. Once defense or a … force is supplied to a country, then everyone in this country.
supply, problems, consumer, state, services, subsidized, goods, would be, health, police.
7. Перепишите предложения, употребляя данные в скобках глаголы в соответствующей видовременной форме. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. The number of part-time industrially employed people (to increase) very rapidly.
2. California Farm Union member-enterprises (to gain) a lot in the market as compared with the levels that they (to feature) previously.
3. Nowadays cash money almost (to replace) by credit cards in the USA and in the far East Asia.
4. What your Deputy Executive Director (to do)? - He (to sign) a $5mln. contract at this very moment.
5. English economists (to have) a model of economy which they (to enter) into a computer.
6. In a market economy the government (to play) no role in the management of the economy.
7. The other day, Tomas Harding (to agree) with his business partner that we (to produce) less goods than we should.
8. They (to argue) about their pricing policy when the boss (to enter) the office.
9. After our company (to found) a new plant in Germany our level of production (to rise).
10. He (to ask) her if she (to have) any experience in working with such documents.
11. Last year hyperinflation (to create) a great deal of problems for our state.
12. This manager (to cash) his false cheque in Barclays Bank yesterday.
8. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркивая в каждом из них модальные глаголы или их эквиваленты. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Sam Lincoln can send this message himself, so I do not think you needn't help him.
2. Case marketing managers ought to attend special courses to get a promotion at the office.
3. I suppose, they should better consult their lawyer before accepting these binding terms.
4. You may talk to the partner later, he will come to the office in an hour or so.
5. Both these technical and business innovations could help our company rise our income.
6. You don't have to hurry so much to complete the task, the boss gives you some more time to do it.
9. Переведите текст на русский язык (письменно).
MIXED ECONOMIESCommand and market economies both have significant faults. Partly because of this an intermediate system has developed, and it is known as ‘mixed economies’.
A ‘mixed economy’ means very much what it says as it contains elements of both market and planned economies. At one extreme we have a command economy, which does not allow individuals to make economic decisions, at the other extreme we have a free market, where individuals exercise considerable economic freedom of choice without any government restrictions. Between these two extremes lies a mixed economy. In mixed economies some resources are controlled by the government whilst others are used in response to the demands of consumers.
Technically, all the economies of the world are mixed: it is just the balance elements between market and planned elements that alter. Some countries are nearer to command economies, while others are closer to free market economies. So, for example, Hong Kong has some state-controlled industry, while Cuba has some privately owned and controlled firms.
The aim of mixed economies is to avoid the disadvantages of both systems while enjoying the benefits that they both offer. So, in a mixed economy the government and the private sector interact in solving economic problems. The state controls the share of the output through taxation and transfer payments and intervenes to supply essential items such as health, education and defense, while private firms produce cars, furniture, electrical items and similar, less essential products.
The United Kingdom is a mixed economy: some services are provided by the state (for example, health care and defense) whereas a range of privately owned businesses offer other goods and services. The Conservative government under Margaret Thatcher switched many businesses from being state-owned and controlled to being privately owned as part of its privatization programme. This has taken the UK economy further away from the planned system.
Контрольная работа по английскому языку содержит несколько грамматических заданий и упражнения на перевод с английского на русский язык. Грамматические задания включают следующие темы: неопределенные местоимения some, any, no и их производные, формы глаголов to be и to have, модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты. В контрольной работе дан экономический текст для перевода с английского языка на русский язык. Контрольная работа будет интересна тем, кто учиться на экономических специальностях.
