Solicitors and Barristers 2
Урок 1
Задание 2
I. Спишите предложения, поставив сказуемое в соответствующую временную форму (Present, Past, Future Indefinite).
1. We (to study) Criminalistics next year.
2. He (to work) as a militiaman two years ago.
3. My friend (to go) to the Academy every day.
4. …you (to see) him next Saturday?
5. We …(not to know anything) about it.
6. …you (to study) English or German?
7. We (to translate) this text at the next lesson.
8. My father (to read) newspapers every day.
9. He (to come) home at six o’clock last night.
II. Перепишите следующие словосочетания и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на определения, выраженные причастным оборотом с причастием I.
My friend collecting stamps, students making mistakes, his father working at the Institute, the student reading a book, the woman crossing the street, children swimming in the river, her brother graduating from the college.
III. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на синтаксические функции причастий. Причастия подчеркните.
1. When reading this article the students will know much of the American workers’ life.
2. When leaving the crime scene the criminal left some traces.
3. He came up looking at me with interest.
4. While investigating this case the officer interviewed many persons.
5. The student answering now is my group-mate.
6. There are some institutions regulating the life of society.
IV. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на временные формы глаголов, сказуемые подчеркните.
1. The prosecutor is preparing to speak on the case.
2. We were investigating this crime for a month.
3. Will the judge be hearing the case from 9 till 12?
4. They aren’t translating the text now.
5. What were you doing when the crime was committed?
6. What will you be doing when I return home?
V. Прочитайте следующие причастия II, обращая внимание на правила чтения суффикса -ed, переведите их на русский язык.
Expressed, founded, formed, united, included, elected, approved, adopted, enacted, ensured, defended, protected, guaranteed, administered, exercised, appointed.
VI. Прочитайте предложения, перепишите и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на синтаксические функции причастия II, причастия подчеркните.
1. Great Britain has a highly developed economy.
2. He gave me the book taken in the library.
3. All the questions discussed at our meeting last week were very important.
4. The text translated by the students was not difficult.
5. He didn’t know about the crime committed.
6. Frightened by the sudden noise, the burglar ran away.
7. When discussed, the problem didn’t seem to be difficult.
VII. Прочитайте предложения, перепишите и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на временные формы глаголов, подчеркните сказуемые.
1. We have done it already.
2. I have seen this film.
3. Silence! The lesson has begun.
4. Look! The teacher has come.
5. Have you heard the news? Mike has got married.
6. Who has won the game? – The Dynamo team has.
7. When you came I had already written my report.
8. By the end of the lesson we shall have translated the text.
9. By the end of the month we had already passed all the exams.
VIII. Спишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на глаголы в страдательном залоге, сказуемые подчеркните и определите их временную форму.
1. The first Russian University was founded in 1755.
2. The text has already been translated.
3. Some new phrases must be used in your story.
4. When was this Institute set up?
5. The case has been investigated successfully.
6. This crime is being reported about in all newspapers.
7. The case was being prepared for the trial when the investigator was given some new evidence.
8. The convict was taken to prison after his appeal had been rejected by the higher court.
9. The police was being assisted by many citizens while this crime was being investigated.
IX. Прочитайте предложения, перепишите и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты, подчеркните их.
1. You must learn all these words.
2. I can’t translate the text myself.
3. You should work hard and be more attentive.
4. You must bring me my textbook today.
5. May I smoke here? – Excuse me, but you mustn’t. You should go out and smoke in the yard.
6. I ought to do some work in the library.
7. You ought not to waste your time.
8. The train is to arrive at 5.
9. You have to come here in the morning.
Урок 2
Задание 2
I. Перепишите и переведите предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них инфинитив, определите его форму и функцию.
1. To play chess was his greatest pleasure.
2. Nature has many secrets to be discovered.
3. To detect the criminal is very often not an easy task.
4. “I think”, he said, “that to prolong this discussion is to waste time.”
5. The secretary was sorry to have kept us waiting.
6. I am glad to have seen you.
7. The question was too unexpected to be answered at once.
8. To acquit somebody means to find a person not guilty in a trial.
II. Перепишите и переведите предложения, подчеркните в них сложное дополнение.
1. They didn’t want their case to be tried without a jury.
2. The witness heard the offender threaten the victim.
3. The doorbell made her jump.
4. The inspector ordered the prisoner to be questioned.
5. She saw the crowd break the line of policemen barring their way.
III. Перепишите и переведите предложения, подчеркните в них сложное подлежащее.
1. Judges in the lower courts are known to follow the decisions of judges in the higher court.
2. I happened to be out when he called.
3. His new job was believed to have marked a turning point in his career.
4. You are supposed to know the laws of your own country.
5. She appears to know everything about the English legal system.
IV. Перепишите предложения и их перевод на русский язык. Сравните формы причастия с их переводом. Определите формы и функции причастия в предложении.
Образец: Having answered the question the lawyer continued his speech.
Ответив на вопрос, юрист продолжил свою речь.
Perfect Active, обстоятельство.
1. Trying the case the judge came across a number of difficulties.
Рассматривая дело, судья столкнулся с рядом трудностей.
1. The judge trying the case came across a number of difficulties.
Судья, рассматривающий дело, столкнулся с рядом трудностей.
3. The case being tried by the city court now is of great interest.
Дело, рассматриваемое (которое рассматривается) сейчас судом, очень интересное.
4. Having tried the case the judge left the court.
Рассмотрев дело, судья ушёл из суда.
5. Having been tried the case was closed.
После того, как дело было рассмотрено, оно было закрыто.
6. This is the letter addressed to you.
Это письмо, адресованное вам.
V. Перепишите и переведите предложения, подчеркните в них причастия, определите их форму и функцию.
1. Investigating this serious crime the officer discovered a lot of important facts against that young man.
2. The officer investigating a criminal case must be very attentive at the crime scene.
3. The crime investigated was a very serious one.
4. Having established all the elements of the crime the investigator passed the case over to the court.
5. The police never found the money stolen in the robbery.
6. The document corrected cannot be accepted.
VI. Перепишите и переведите предложения, подчеркните в них объектный и субъектный причастные обороты.
1. The student didn’t hear the question repeated.
2. I was surprised to see my friends being carried off by the police.
3. He is said to have been sentenced to imprisonment.
4. The visitor was heard walking restlessly backward and forward.
5. When did you have your photo taken?
6. When he opened the window he heard the birds singing in the garden.
7. The tourists are expected to be met in the airport.
VII. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на самостоятельный причастный оборот.
1. England being a constitutional monarchy, the Queen of England is only a formal ruler.
2. The bridge having been swept away by the flood, the train was late.
3. The witness being present at the scene of the crime, the investigator interrogated him there.
4. The USA is divided into eleven judicial courts, each one being served with a Federal Court of Appeals.
Урок 3
Задание 2
I. Перепишите предложения, выбрав герундий в активной или пассивной форме. Полученные предложения переведите.
1. He hates (interrupting/being interrupted) when he is speaking.
2. Sometimes young people complain about not (understanding/being
understood) by their parents.
3. I am interested in (improving/being improved) my communication skills.
II. Переведите вопросы и дайте на них письменные ответы, употребив герундий в функции: прямого дополнения, предложного дополнения, определения, обстоятельства.
1. Do you enjoy travelling by sea? By air? Which do you prefer?
2. Which do you like better: reading or being read?
3. What were your reasons for entering this institute?
4. What ways of getting information do you find more effective?
5. What do people gain by travelling?
III. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на герундиальный оборот
1. She was proud of him being the best student.
2. We accused him of having betrayed our common cause.
3. We were against Mr.Bond’s going to Switzerland.
4. They insisted on Mary staying for another few days.
5. Can you remember having seen the man before?
IV. Перепишите и переведите предложения, употребив нужную форму герундия.
1. He got into the house by (to climb) through a window without (to see) by anyone.
2. I think he was foolish to buy a car before (to learn) how to drive it.
3. The little girl isn’t afraid of dogs in spite of (to bite) twice.
Тексты для дополнительного чтения.
Текст 1. Solicitors and Barristers.
I. Прочитайте и кратко изложите содержание текста на русском языке.
There are two kinds of lawyers in Great Britain – solicitors and barristers.
Solicitors are lawyers who take legal business for ordinary people. They give advice to non-professional clients, write legal letters, prepare all the necessary documents and carry on legal arguments outside Court.
If you get into trouble with the police, you will probably ask a solicitor to help prepare your defense and you can ask the solicitor to appear for you in a Magistrates’ court and to argue your case. Many problems are dealt with by a solicitor. He deals with petty crimes and some matrimonial matters in Magistrates’ Courts. He prepares the case and the evidence. In the civil action he can speak in the County Court. If you want to make a will the best man to advise you is a solicitor.
In the County Court the solicitor wears a black gown over his ordinary clothes.
Barristers are different from solicitors. Barristers are experts in the interpretation of the law. They are called in to advise on really difficult points. Barristers conduct cases in the higher courts. In a trial a barrister may be counsel for the plaintiff (counsel for the prosecution) or counsel for the defendant (counsel for the defence).
To qualify as a barrister you must pass the special legal exams and become a member of a legal corporation called “Inn of Court”
Barristers are either “jurors” or “King’s (Queen’s) Councils.” When a barrister becomes “a Queen’s Council” (Q.C.), he “takes silk”. It means that he can wear a silk gown.
Текст 2. Judge
I. Прочитайте и кратко изложите содержание текста на русском языке.
The primary job of a judge is to protect each person’s constitutional right to a fair trial.
The judge presides over a trial. He puts questions to the parties and witnesses, examines the documents and evidence.
He must make sure that attorneys follow the rules of evidence and trial procedure. In nonjury trials the judge must decide the outcome of the case. In jury trials the judge gives instructions to the jury as to the law involved in the case. In criminal cases judges sentence those who are convicted of committing a crime.
These duties require an extensive knowledge of the law. Besides judges must express themselves clearly and directly.
To become a judge you first must be a practicing attorney with years of experience.
Many judges are appointed for life, others are approved by a political party and elected. Lifetime appointments can be more secure than elected positions, but even appointed judges can be removed from office for behavior unbecoming a judge.
1. He is known _____ a good judge.
a) be b) have been
c) will be d) to be
2. Much money _______ yesterday.
a) are stolen b) were stolen
c) was stolen d) will be stolen
3. You _______ work much to become a good lawyer.
a) can b) be able to
c) have to d) would
4. ______ you ever been to any court?
a) did b) are
c) do d) have
5. Imprisonment is a kind of _______.
a) crime b) law
c) power d) punishment
6. Parliament has __________ power.
a) executive b) judicial
c) legislative d) administrative
7. Parties in a trial are ___________________.
a) a plaintiff and a defendant b) an investigator and a prosecutor
c) a judge and a jury d) a suspect and a detective
8. The Congress consists of two chambers: the House of Representatives and _________.
a) the House of Lords b) the Senate
c) the Lower Assembly d) the House of Commons
9. The person that saw or heard something connected with the crime commission is a ___________.
a) defendant b) attorney
c) council d) witness
10. Different criminals _________ differently depending on the crime committed.
a) is punished b) punish
c) are punished d) are punishing
11. Yesterday the witnesses _______ evidence in the court.
a) are giving b) gave
c) have been given d) has given
12. The department which controls the economy of the nation is _________ .
a) the Department of Education b) the Ministry of Defense
c) the Home Office d) the Treasury
13. They watched the car ________________.
a) stop b) stopped
c) to stop d) to have stopped
14. President John F.Kennedy _______ in Dallas in 1963.
a) killed b) had killed
c) was killed d) was killing
15. The Prime Minister selects a cabinet from _________ of Parliament.
a) Members b) participants
c) Ministers d) Secretaries
16. ________ power belongs to President.
a) law-making b) judicial
c) executive d) absolute
17. The Queen has very little direct ________.
a) law b) power
c) rights d) effect
18. The British Parliament consists of the House of Lords and the ________.
a) House of Commons b) House of Representatives
c) Senate d) Cabinet
19. The main function of the House of Commons is ________________ .
a) to make laws b) to put laws into effect
c) to revise bills d) to delay bills
20. The lawmaking arm of the federal government in the USA is _________ .
a) the Senate b) the House of Representatives
c) the Congress d) the president
21. He didn’t commit this crime. The jury found him ________ .
a) guilty b) dangerous
c) responsible d) innocent
22. Marriage and divorce are regulated by ______ laws.
a) international b) criminal
c) civil d) public
23. The lawyer in Great Britain that has the highest qualification to speak for clients in courts is a ___________.
a) council for defense b) prosecutor
c) barrister d) solicitor
24. The House of Commons is presided by_______
a) the Prime Minister b) the Queen
c) the Speaker d) the Lord Chancellor
25. The Prime Minister is the head of _____ branch.
a) judicial b) executive
c) legislative d) lawmaking
26. More serious cases _______ in the Crown Court.
a) hear b) heard
c) are heard d) had been heard
27. Congress is the ______ branch of the federal government in America.
a) legislative b) judicial
c) executive d) financial
28. Yesterday evening, a black BMW was stolen from outside the home of Mr. John Simpson. Mr. Simpson telephoned the police. Later that evening, the car was seen in the High Street by Mr. Simpson’s wife, Laura. It was outside the Red Lion Hotel. The keys were in the car, so she drove it home! The police are looking for a careless thief!
a) Машина не была украдена
b) Машина была украдена из гаража мистера Симпсона
c) Машина была украдена от дома мистера Симпсона
d) Машина была украдена миссис Симпсон.
29. Once a well-dressed man travelling in a train discovered that his cigarette-case was missing, and said he would take the man next to him to the police at the next station.
Looking down, however, the well-dressed man found his cigarette-case lying under the seat. He apologized to the other passenger saying he was sorry he had thought badly of him. “Never mind”, said the man. ”You thought I was a thief and I thought you were a gentleman, and we were both mistaken”.
a) Один из пассажиров оказался вором.
b) Обвиненный пассажир нашел пропавший портсигар.
c) Обвиненный в краже пассажир упрекнул владельца портсигара в бестактности.
d) Вор скрылся с места происшествия
30. Ted Robinson has been worried all the week. Last Tuesday he received a letter from the local police. In the letter he was asked to call at the station. Ted wondered why he was wanted by the police. But he went to the station yesterday and now he is not worried any more. At the station a smiling policeman told him that his bicycle had been found. “Five days ago,” the policeman told him, “the bicycle was picked up in a small village four hundred miles away”. Ted was very surprised when he heard the news. He never expected the bicycle to be found. It was stolen twenty years ago when Ted was a boy of fifteen.
a) Тэда Робинсона обвинили в краже велосипеда у пятнадцатилетнего мальчика.
b) Тэда Робинсона наградили за то, что он нашел велосипед полицейского.
c) Пятнадцатилетний мальчик украл велосипед Тэда Робинсона, когда тот был в полицейском участке.
d) Полиция нашла велосипед Тэда Робинсона, украденный двадцать лет назад.
Это объемная контрольная работа. Контрольная состоит из множества заданий. В этой контрольной по английскому языку закрепляется английская юридическая лексика.
