SOURCES OF FINANCE
I. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на функции герундия.
1. Discounting is the process of buying a security for less than its face value.
2. We discussed opening a new business.
3. The control of the money supply is probably one of the most important instruments for regulating total demand in economy.
4. Before writing our test we learn the necessary grammar material.
5. The production manager was informed about their coming to Moscow.
6. Seeing is believing. (именная часть сказуемого)
II. Переведите на русский язык предложения, в которых встречаются причастие или герундий. Подчеркните –ing форму и определите ее функцию.
1. Making a programme for a computer the programmer faced many difficulties.
2. The melting snow flows down from the roofs through pipes.
3. Industries producing steel, paper and chemicals require very large quantities of water.
4. He risks loosing all his money.
5. We have succeeded in entering new competitive market.
III. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык: подчеркните инфинитив и определите его функцию.
1. We use a thermometer to measure temperature.
2. To read ancient mathematics tables was very difficult.
3. The computer in business is used to process data.
4. The company has to cover the costs by all means.
IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, принимая во внимание, что объектный и субъектный инфинитивные обороты большей частью соответствуют придаточным предложения.
1. I know them to be working at the problem of quality management information.
2. Lasers are known to have found an application in the printing industry.
3. This type of account is said to have some advantages.
4. We learned the experts to demand the reduction of taxes.
V. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.
SOURCES OF FINANCE (PART I)
1. For the well-established firm, the most obvious source of finance is its own profits. Instead of paying out all its profits to its shareholders, the firm can retain some within the business. Using retained profits in the business is described as «ploughing back the profits». It is an important source of finance for the larger firm.
2. In the case of a very small firm, the necessary money will be provided by the proprietor and his family and friends with, perhaps, a loan from the local bank. Loans can be short-term and long-term ones. Short-term loans are usually repayable within three years. Many such loans are for periods of one year or less. The sources of loans are as follows:
3. Loans can be short-term and long-term ones. Short-term loans are usually repayable within three years. Many such loans are for periods of one year or less. The sources of loans are as follows:
a. overdrafts
b. bills of exchange
c. trade credits
d. hire purchases
e. leasing.
4. A bank overdraft is the most widely used type of short-term finance. The bank allows the com¬pany to overdraw its account by some agreed amount. Interest is charged by the bank only on the amount overdrawn. It is one of the cheaper forms of borrowing.
5. Trade credits are quite normal in business. They are often granted by the sellers allowing the buyers to pay in some time, say in three months.
6.A firm may acquire some equipment such as cars, lorries, office equipment and some type of machinery on hire-purchase terms. It makes a deposit and pays the outstanding amount by instalments over two or three years. Ownership passes to the buyer when the final instalment is paid.
7. In case of leasing the firm will also pay the outstanding amount by instalments over two or three years. When the final instalment is paid ownership does not pass to the buyer.
Часть 2
I. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие сложные предложения, содержащие придаточные предложения условия. (укажите время)
1. If the assumptions are incorrect the model will yield incorrect predictions.
2. If the price of butter fell the demand for margarine would probably fall.
3. If I had known that I wouldn't have said anything.
4. Were I in the city, I would attend his lecture.
5. If we installed new equipment, we would become more competitive.
II. Завершите предложения, выбрав правильный вариант. Переведите эти предложения. Укажите время
1. He says that…
a) next year would be a difficult
b) next year is a difficult year
c) next year will be a difficult year
2. He promised that…
a) the machine had been installed the following Wednesday
b) the machine will be installed the following Wednesday
c) the machine would be installed the following Wednesday
3. He said that…
a) our prices are too high
b) our prices were too high
c) our prices will be too high
III. Перепишите и письменно переведите
CORPORATE FINANCE
1. Corporations need financing for the purchase of assets and the payment of expenses. The corporations can issue shares in exchange for money or property. Sometimes it is called as equity funding. The holders of the shares form the ownership of the company. Each share is represented by a stock certificate, which is negotiable. Tt means that one can buy and sell it. The value of a share is determined by the net assets divided by the total number of shares outstanding. The value of the share also depends on the success of the company. The greater the success, the more value the shares have.
2. A corporation can also get capital by borrowing. It is called debt funding. If a corporation borrows money, they give notes or bonds. They are also negotiable. But the interest has to be paid out whether business is profitable or not.
3. When running the corporation, management must consider both the outflow and inflow of capital. The outflow is formed by the purchase of inventory and supplies, payment of salaries. The inflow is formed by the sale of goods and services. In the long run the inflow must be greater than the outflow. It results in a profit. In addition, a company must deduct its costs, expenses, losses on bad debts, interest on borrowed capital and other items. It helps to determine if the financial management has been profitable. The amount of risk involved is also an important factor. It determines the fund raising and it shows if a particular corporation is a good investment.
Данная контрольная работа создана для тех, кто учится на факультетах экономики. Контрольная работа включает в себя несколько экономических текстов для перевода на русский язык. Чтобы успешно выполнить задания, необходимо повторить английскую экономическую лексику.
Данная контрольная работа имеет сложность выше среднего. В контрольной вы встретите задания на определение функций герундия и перевод субъектных и объектных инфинитивных оборотов.
