SWIMMING HISTORY
1. Разделите предложения на именные группы. Выделите подлежащее и сказуемое. Сделайте частеречный анализ. Разберите сказуемые по схеме.
1. Обратите внимание на признаки явного сказуемого:
For beginners, the jump is based on speed, rhythm and coordination.
2. Обратите внимание на признаки неявного сказуемого.
Beginners' training serves the identification of talents.
3. Обратите внимание на омонимичные формы глагола с окончанием -ed:
The principal ideas and goals of the project were summarized by Helmar Hommel in his article published in "New Studies in Athletics".
4. Обратите внимание на омонимию форм с окончанием -ing:
Approaching the muscle, the oxygen containing red blood cells squeeze through the capillaries around each muscle fibre.
5. Герундий (чаще всего prep. + V ing). Переводится существительным, образованным от основы производящего глагола, или неопределенной формой глагола в функции обстоятельства цели (для чего): для достижения, чтобы достигнуть:
Alternative approaches have therefore been explored for achieving the replenishment of glycogen stores, reduced during the normal demands of daily training sessions prior to competition.
6. Обратите внимание на сигналы начала придаточных предложений: союзы, союзные слова, относительные местоимения (who, what, when, while, which, where, that, after).
6.1. It is intended to help the reader to understand a sport when he watches it for the first time.
6.2. For this reason, during the whole preparation period, throwing distance plays only a minor role in our concept, while technically correct execution of the movement and the movement rhythm are extremely important.
6.3. During this evolution, which lasted approximately 200 years, the meaning of records and sports technique has evolved.
7. Следующее предложение представляет собой «глокую куздру», т. е. искусственное предложение, имеющее все формальные признаки английского предложения:
The monif trok will pram cony torec of chains.
//. Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопросы:
FUN AND GAMES
Stone-Age men hunted to live. But later men hunted for sport, as well as for food. At first, only kings and nobles went hunting. Today, anyone can hunt or fish for sport. Swimming is another ancient sport. People of the Stone-Age swam just for fun. Some ancient people even used water wings. They were made from blown-up animal skins. Many of our favourite games are ball games. Can you name ten ball games? Here are two: netball and basketball. Both come from an old game called pok-ta-pok. This was once played in Mexico, by the Maya. Players had to hit the ball through the hole. Wrestling and fencing are other ancient sports. In fencing long sticks were often used but today we use swords. Maya played pok-ta-pok. They used only knees, hips and elbows.
- Prove that ancient people knew sport.
- What ancient people activity was the 1st sport?
- Who had the right to hunt before the 20th century?
- Who played pok-ta-pok?
- In what ancient sport did people use long sticks?
III. Письменно переведите текст:
SWIMMING HISTORY
Archeological and other evidence shows swimming to have been practiced as early as 2500 ВС in Egypt and thereafter in Assyrian, Greek, and Roman civilization. In Greece and Rome swimming was a part of martial training and was, with the alphabet, also part of elementary education for males. In the Orient swimming dates back at least to the 1st century B.C., there being some evidence of swimming races then in Japan. By the 17th century an imperial edict had made the teaching of swimming compulsory in the schools. Organized swimming events were held in the 19lh century before Japan was opened to the Western world. Among the preliterate maritime people of the Pasific, swimming was evidently learned by children about the time they walked, or even before. Among the ancient Greeks there is a note of occasional races, and a famous boxer swam as part of his training. The Romans built swimming pools, distinct from their baths. In the 1st century B.C., the Roman Gaius Maecenas is said to have built the first heated swimming pool.
Здесь несколько заданий по английскому языку. В контрольную входит английский текст, который необходимо перевести на русский.
