The Law and Judiciary in the USA
I. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в каждом из них видовременную форму и залог глагола -сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык:
1. A University should be a place of light, of liberty, and of learning. /Disraeli/
2. The British police have evolved and perfected their techniques for dealing with hostage situation.
3. The investigator will have prepared documents for the trial by the end of the week.
4. During the burglary the window of the shop was broken.
II. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, учитывая разные значения слов "It, that, one, as, for since".
1. Since that man is a specialist in that branch of law it is necessary to learn his opinion on that subject.
2. It's important to study civil cases while working at court.
3. He works as a judge of one of the courts.
4. It is well known that England is not the country where everything is allowed what is not forbidden by the law.
III. Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на перевод конструкций "it is (was). . . that (who).
1. These were the laws that were passed by the legislature.
2. It is the book that you must take from the library.
IV. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, имея в виду различные значения to be, to have, to do.
1. Motherhood is protected by the state law of the country.
2. Making friends is not always easy.
3. There is no doubt that he is a killer.
4. They haven't met since their schooldays.
5. He has to stay in town for two days.
6. You are to discuss his paper in details.
V. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, принимая во внимание правила согласования времен и бессоюзное подчинение.
1. I knew she was determined to move ahead in business career.
2. At last he questioned all the witnesses and we were free.
3. He said that he remembered studying this criminal case at the university.
VI. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива.
1. Some people live to work, others work to live.
2. Old wood best to burn, old wine to drink, old friends to trust, and old authors to read.
3. It's better to risk saving a guilty person than to condemn an innocent one.
VII. Прочитайте и переведите весь текст письменно. Дайте краткую аннотацию к тексту.
The Law and Judiciary in the USA
The United States is a nation governed according to law. Law protects and directs the actions of all the people equally. The highest court in the USA is the Supreme Court, which consists of a chief justice and eight associate justices. Supreme Court decisions can affect the lives of all Americans and can change society significantly. The Supreme Court is the Court of final appeal and may rule in cases in which someone claims that a lower court ruling on Federal law is unjust or in which someone claims there has been a violation of the US Constitution, the nation's basic law.
There are many federal courts in the system, which has the Supreme Court as its head. In addition, each state within the United States has established a system of courts, including a state supreme court, to deal with civil, criminal and appellate proceedings. There are also county and city courts. Even many of the smallest villages have a local judge, called "justice of peace", who handles minor legal matters. There are separate military courts for members of the armed forces and other specialized courts to handle matters ranging from tax questions to immigration violations.
In the United States a person accused of a crime is considered to be innocent until he or she is proved guilty. The Constitution requires that any accused person must have every opportunity to demonstrate his or her innocence in public trial, and to be judged innocent or guilty on the basis of evidence presented by jury. A person who has been judged guilty must still be treated justly, as prescribed by law.
VIII. Переведите и ответьте на письмо по-английски.
Dear Sirs,
An enquiry has come in from a company owing several high-class hotels and our country. They are opening a new hotel and have asked us to submit quotations for furniture and equipment in accordance with the attached list.
The furniture and equipment must be up-to-date design, and it would have to be delivered in time for opening of the hotel in October. Will you please let us know, therefore, whether you have the goods in stock and if not, how long it take to complete an order for quantities required. We shall also be glad to have an estimate of the number of cases required and the cost of packing.
We look forward to your reply.
Yours faithfully
В контрольную входит восемь заданий.
