The Structure of the 2
1. Заполните пропуски артиклями, где это необходимо.
1. This is _ nice city. 2. _ pen is red, and _ pencil is black. 3. Please, give Bess _ pen and_pencil. 4. Volgograd is _ big city. 5. Please, send Jane _text. 6. This is his _ flat. 7. Please give me _ black pencil. 8. This is _text. Read _ text! 9. This is _ cap. _ cap is black. 10. This is_ match. It is_thin match. 11. This is _fine film. 12. Please, give me _ pen, Kate. 13. Please, take that pencil, Jane. Give me _ pencil. It is _ bad pencil.
2. Употребите нужную форму личных местоимений:
1) I often see (they, them) in the bus.
2) She lives near (we, us).
3) (We, us) always walk to office together.
4) He teaches (we, us) English.
5) I often see (them, they) at the Institute.
6) She wants to talk with (he, him)
7) What is the matter with (he, him) today?
8) He explained this rule to (we, us) yesterday.
9) There are some letters here for you and (I, me).
10) I know (she, her) and her sister very well.
3. Заполните пропуски личными местоимениями в объектном падеже.
1. I see a student, I see_. 2. I like the picture, I like_. 3. I know the girl, I know _. 4. Jim can play tennis, he can play _. 5. Give me these books, give me _. 6. Ask your teacher about it, ask_. 7. This task was given to you and me, it was given to _.
4. Замените личные местоимения, данные в скобках, соответствующими притяжательными местоимениями:
1) I have some notebooks and pens in (I) bag.
2) (He) composition is very interesting.
3) Is this (you) child? Yes, it is (we) child.
4) I saw (you) brother in the cafe.
5) (We) table is in front of the window.
6) (They) knowledge of English is very good.
7) (She) friends often visit her.
5. Употребите нужную форму притяжательных местоимений:
1) You take care of (your, yours) things and I’ll take care of (my, mine).
2) (Their, theirs) boat was faster than (our, ours).
3) (Their, theirs) home is good but (our, ours) is better.
4) She likes (her, hers) work.
6. Используйте абсолютную форму притяжательных местоимений, данных в скобках.
1. His composition is much more interesting than (your) or (my).
2. It was through no fault of (her).
3. You can do without my help but not without (their).
4. This radio-set of (his) is always out of order. — But so is (your)!
5. The books on the table are (our).
6. The pleasure was all (my).
7. Поставьте вместо пропусков неопределенные местоимения some или any.
1. Do you know _ of these girls? 2. There are _ foreign visitors in the palace. 3. _ of my friends live in this house. 4. We haven’t _ time. 5. Do you like _ of these animals? 6. Yes, I like _ of them. 7. No, I do not like _of them. 8. Give me _water. 9. We don’t see _ flowers here.
8. Запишите форму множественного числа следующих существительных:
Carpet, glass, photo, box, lady, wife, valley, thief, man, woman, child, foot, tooth, life, tomato, sheep, deer, information, fish, coat.
9. Напишите следующие предложения во множественном числе.
1) This is a book.
2) That is a table.
3) This pencil is red.
4) That is a green apple.
5) This is our office.
6) That work is difficult.
10. Переведите следующие словосочетания на английский язык, употребляя притяжательный падеж.
1) письмо моего друга,
2) рассказы этого писателя,
3) библиотека института,
4) дочь моей младшей сестры,
5) стены этого старого дома.
11. Образуйте сравнительную и превосходную степени прилагательных:
Cold, young, old, difficult, good, far, bad, beautiful, weak, little, easy, near, strong, late, interesting, pretty, great, quick, important, warm, happy, early, deep, large, hot, long, simple, thin, much.
12. Поставьте прилагательные в скобках в положительной, сравнительной и превосходной степени.
1. Which is (long) day of the year?
2. Winter is (cold) season.
3. Moscow is (large) than St. Petersburg.
4. My friend’s car is not so (new) as my car.
5. Where is it (beautiful), in the mountains or near the sea?
6. It was (good) meal I’ve ever had.
7. It was (bad) cold I’ve ever had.
8. In spring the days are (long) than in winter.
9. It is (cold) today than it was yesterday.
10. The Russian grammar is (difficult) than the English one.
11. The Caucasus are (high) mountains in Europe.
13. Переведите на английский язык.
1. У нас самые жаркие дни бывают в июле.
2. Чем больше я читаю, тем больше я знаю.
3. Март не такой холодный, как февраль.
4. Математика самый трудный предмет в институте.
5. Университет дальше от моего дома, чем школа.
6. Сегодня так же холодно, как вчера.
7. Лучше позже, чем никогда.
8. Этот фильм такой же интересный, как и тот.
9. Аня лучшая студентка в группе.
10. Великобритания меньше, чем Франция.
11. У меня сегодня меньше времени, чем вчера.
12. Этот телефон дешевле, но он хуже.
13. Мой сын на два года старше, чем моя дочь.
14. Это самая важная проблема сегодня.
15. Эти новости лучше, чем те.
16. Эти фильмы такие же хорошие, как и те.
14. Употребите глагол to be в следующих предложениях
1) The new film____ at our cinema next week.
2) The door ___ open now.
3) They __busy yesterday.
4) Sentence 5 ___ on page 15.
5) It ___six o’clock. He ___ at home at this time.
6) Sunday __ my day off.
7) He ___ at home two weeks ago.
8) There __four seasons in a year.
9) They ___ in London last year.
10) Soon there __a new film on.
15. Поставьте вопросы к следующим предложениям.
1. This park is fine.
2. These little boys are very noisy.
3. Her dress is grey.
4. They often sit in the garden.
5. She has a new hat.
6. Tom likes this girl.
7. They eat three times a day.
16. Сделайте предложения отрицательными.
1. He is a nurse at a hospital.
2. My friend and I often go to the cinema together.
3. We have many books in our library.
4. She has much time to spend in the country.
5. Ann plays the piano every day.
6. He knows German and French.
17. Раскройте скобки, употребите глаголы, данные в скобках, в нужной форме:
1) He (to return) to Moscow two days ago.
2) The train (to arrive) at 5 o’clock tomorrow.
3) My sister plays tennis but she (to prefer) to play basketball.
4) This week we (to take) part in a conference.
5) All the events (to go) on long ago.
6) Summer session (to begin) next week.
7) They (to read) the newspaper every day.
8) He always (to prepare) his homework carefully.
9) She (to speak) several foreign languages.
10) The children (to play) in the park every afternoon.
11) They always (to travel) by car.
12) He (to know) French very good next year.
13) She (to make) mistakes in spelling yesterday.
14) She always (to come) to lectures late.
15) He (to arrive) home tomorrow.
16) They (to work) in our garden yesterday.
17) He (to want) to learn English.
18. Заполните пропуски модальными глаголами can, must, may.
1. I ____ help them yesterday as I was very ill.
2. ____ I take your dictionary?
3. Yesterday we ____ go to the cinema as we were very busy.
4. We ___ help our friends in trouble.
5. If you want, you ____ read the letter.
6. You ____ speak German quite well. Last year you ____ speak it at all.
7. The students _____ study hard.
8. We _ have lunch at the nearest station. There must be a snack-bar there.
19. Заполните пропуски модальными глаголами или их эквивалентами, переведите предложения на русский язык.
1) Steve ... speak English, French and Italian.
2) You... ask him to help with the translation.
3) Mr. Smith ... be in his office now. You... call him.
4) …I ask you a question? — Of course, you ....
5) The students … do their homework regularly.
6) You …be more attentive at the lessons.
7) In Britain you not... drive a car until you are seventeen.
8) You … to take part in the competition next year.
20. Образуйте причастие I и II от следующих глаголов и переведите их на русский язык:
to meet, to tell, to open, to work, to find, to spend, to give, to take, to read, to look, to go, to close, to put, to sit, to do.
21. Раскройте скобки, употребите глаголы, данные в скобках, в нужной форме:
1) I see that you (wear) your new suit today.
2) Listen! Someone (knock) at the door.
3) The bus (stop) for us now.
4) Please, be quiet! The baby (sleep).
5) The leaves (begin) to fall from the trees.
6) John (have) lunch in the canteen now.
7) Listen! I think the telephone (ring).
8) You can’t talk to him. He (have) dinner now.
22. Употребите глаголы, данные в скобках, в Past Continuous:
1) When you telephoned, I (have) dinner.
2) The baby (sleep) soundly when I went to wake him.
3) She (talk) with Mr. Smith when I saw her in the hall.
4) The accident happened while they (travel) in the South.
5) When I got up this morning, the sun (shine) brightly.
6) At seven o'clock, when you telephoned, I (read) the newspaper.
7) Mary (play) the piano when I arrived.
23. Употребите глаголы, данные в скобках, в Future Continuous:
1) I (wait) on the corner for you at the usual time tomorrow morning.
2) It probably (rain) when you get back.
3) If you come before six, I (work) in my garden.
4) At this time tomorrow afternoon I (take) my final English examination.
5) I (work) at six o’clock tomorrow.
24. Употребите глаголы, данные в скобках, в Present Perfect. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1) I (speak) to him about it several times.
2) We (learn) many new words in this course.
3) He (make) that same mistake several times.
4) I (hear) that story before.
5) I am afraid that I (lose) my car keys.
6) She (see) this film three times.
25. Употребите глаголы, данные в скобках, в Past Perfect. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1) I was sure that I (see) the man before.
2) I asked him why he (leave) the party so early.
3) It was clear that he (give) us the wrong address.
4) The teacher corrected the exercises which I (prepare).
5) He knew that he (make) a serious mistake.
6) She said she (look) everywhere for the book.
7) I felt that I (meet) the man somewhere before.
26. Упoтребите глаголы, данные в скобках, в Future Perfect. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1) I am sure they (complete) the new road by June.
2) He says that before he leaves he (see) every show in town.
3) By the time you arrive, I (finish) reading your book.
4) I (be) in this country two years on next January.
5) A year from now he (take) his medical examinations and (begin) to practice.
6) If you don't make a note of that appointment, you (forget) it by next week.
27. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.
The Structure of the Government.
The government of United States is federal. The government shares its power with the states. The Constitution written about two hundred years ago is the foundation of the government of the USA. The Constitution divides power among the legislative, judicial and executive branches of the government. Each branch is almost independent. The head of the executive branch is the President. The head of the legislative branch is the Congress. The head of the judicial branch is the Supreme Court.
The legislative division is responsible for making the laws of the country. The executive division carries out these laws. The Congress is divided into two houses: the Senate, or Upper House, and the House of Representatives. Members of the Senate are elected to six-year terms, but they are not all elected at the same time. Members of the House of Representatives are elected for two years. They are to finish their terms of office at the same time. The House of Representatives has more than four times as many members at the Senate.
Each state sends a different number of men according to the population of the state. A bill may be introduced in either the Senate or the House of Representatives. A bill approved by both the Senate and the House of Representatives is sent to the President (for him) to sign.
The President and Vice-President are elected for a four-year term. The President may be re-elected and serve eight years altogether, but no longer than that. (A famous President, Franklin Roosevelt, was elected four times, but since then the Congress has passed a law making anything longer than two terms illegal). There are eleven Cabinet officers. These men are appointed by the President with the approval of the Senate. The Cabinet takes care of such national business as defence, postal service, foreign relations, money and so on. (There are a few independent agencies which are responsible directly to the President).
2. Local Government
The United States allows a great deal of power to the individual states. Each state has a constitution, patterned after the national Constitution, with its three divisions of power: legislative, executive and judicial. The head of each state is the governor.
Each state has control over its state government. But no state may pass a law contrary to the Constitution or to the United States' laws and treaties. The federal government keeps control over foreign relations, interstate commerce, defence, etc.
Each state creates units of local government. It outlines the pattern of Cities, towns and school districts and so on. Large cities have an elected mayor as head of the elected council to help him. The mayor and council have broad power. The mayor-council system is the most popular kind of local government. The elected council keeps the legislative power.
A city government must keep its people protected by maintaining a police department and a fire department. Large cities have health departments, libraries and airports to serve their citizens.
3. The Judicial System of the USA
The third branch of the government is judicial. The Supreme Court is the highest judicial organ of the U.S. It sits in the Supreme Court Building in Washington.
The words "Equal Justice Under Law" are written above the main entrance of the building. The Supreme Court consists of the Chief Justice (главный судья) of the USA and eight Associate Justices. They are all appointed by the President and approved by the Senate.
The Supreme Court has the right to declare unconstitutional any law passed by the Congress or any other issued by the President.
The right of veto is widely used. The USA is divided into eleven judicial circuits and each one is served with a Federal Court of Appeals. There are about ninety district courts in different parts of the country. The district courts are the lowest ones in the Federal Court system. Most of the criminal and civil cases are tried by these courts.
In the district court where trials are held, juries are used and witnesses are called.
Cases tried in the district court may be appealed in one of the eleven Courts of Appeal and in the Supreme Court. The decision of the Supreme Court is final. In the US the judiciary is divided into the federal and state judiciary. Jurisdiction of particular courts or judges is determined by either the national or state constitutions and laws. In most of the states the lowest courts are the magistrates or police courts.
28. Ответьте на вопросы.
1. Among what branches of the Government does the Constitution divide power? (What branches constitute the US Government?)
2. Who is the head of the legislative branch?
3. Who is head of the executive branch?
4. Who is the head of the judicial branch?
5. What Houses is the Congress divided into?
6. What are the functions of the Congress?
7. What does the executive division do?
8. What are the functions of the Cabinet?
9. What is the highest judicial organ in the country?
10. What does the federal government control?
11. What are the duties of local government?
12. What are the functions of a city government?
29. Закончите высказывания, выбрав соответствующее утверждение.
1. The Congress is responsible for...
a) carrying out the laws of the country.
b) making the laws of the country.
2. The Cabinet is responsible for...
a) carrying out the laws of the country.
b) making the laws of the country.
3. The functions of the local government are...
a) to protect people by maintaining a police department and a fire department.
b) to outline the pattern of the city, school districts.
4. The functions of the city government are;..
a) to protect people by maintaining a police department and a fire department.
b) to outline the pattern of the city, school districts.
Контрольная по английскому языку будет интересна широкому кругу студентов.
